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Adhesive Secretions

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Attachment Structures and Adhesive Secretions in Arachnids

Part of the book series: Biologically-Inspired Systems ((BISY,volume 7))

Abstract

The compositions and biological functions of sticky secretions are diverse. We here give an overview about glues in arachnids, distinguishing between viscid glue, which remains viscous and often allows reversible and multiple attachment, and solidifying glue, which creates a durable bonding. Viscid glue is often utilized to capture prey, for example in the capture threads of orb web and cob web spiders, and in the pedipalps of harvestmen. It may also be used to coat eggs to make them tacky for substrate attachment and defence against egg predators. Solidifying glue is represented by some coatings of silk fibres, amorphous mating plugs, egg casings and brood sacs, mouthpart attachment of ticks and some mites, and secretions serving the attachment of soil particles for camouflage, as present in some harvestmen and ticks.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute Kiel University, Kiel, Germany

    Jonas O. Wolff & Stanislav N. Gorb

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia

    Jonas O. Wolff

Authors
  1. Jonas O. Wolff
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  2. Stanislav N. Gorb
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8.1 Electronic Supplementary Material

Video 8.1

The harvestman Mitostoma chrysomelas (Nemastomatidae) capturing a springtail with its sticky pedipalps. Real speed (M2V 5601 kb)

Video 8.2

M. chrysomelas capturing a springtail with its sticky pedipalps. Also note the action of the pincer-like chelicerae in the end. Recorded with 500 fps and playback with 15 fps (AVI 18445 kb)

Video 8.3

M. chrysomelas capturing a springtail with its sticky pedipalps. Recorded with 500 fps and playback with 15 fps (AVI 4777 kb)

Video 8.4

M. chrysomelas capturing a springtail by clamping its antenna between the tibia and the hyper-flexible tarsus of the sticky pedipalp. Recorded with 500 fps and playback with 15 fps (AVI 438 kb)

Video 8.5

Demonstration of the stickiness and visco-elasticity of the glue on the pedipalp of M. chrysomelas. Real time (M2V 3405 kb)

Video 8.6

Adhesion test on a glue droplet of a pedipalpal glandular seta of Nemastoma lugubre (Nemastomatidae). The pedipalp is retracted from the glass beam by a motor at a rate of 1 mm/s. Recorded with 500 fps and playback with 30 fps (AVI 27753 kb)

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Wolff, J.O., Gorb, S.N. (2016). Adhesive Secretions. In: Attachment Structures and Adhesive Secretions in Arachnids. Biologically-Inspired Systems, vol 7. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45713-0_8

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