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Cryopreservation and Banking of Dental Stem Cells

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Biobanking and Cryopreservation of Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 951))

Abstract

Over the past decade, dental tissues have become an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dental stem cells (DSCs) are not only able to differentiate into adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineanges, but an increasing amount of research also pointed out their potential applicability in numerous clinical disorders, such as myocardial infarction, neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. Together with their multilineage differentiation capacity, their easy availability from extracted third molars makes these stem cells a suitable alternative for bone marrow-derived MSCs. More importantly, DSCs appear to retain their stem cell properties following cryopreservation, a key aspect in their long-term preservation and upscale production. However, the vast number of different cryopreservation protocols makes it difficult to draw definite conclusions regarding the behavior of these stem cells. The routine application and banking of DSCs is also associated with some other pitfalls, such as interdonor variability, cell culture-induced changes and the use of animal-derived culture medium additives. Only thorough assessment of these challenges and the implementation of standardized, GMP procedures will successfully lead to better treatment options for patients who no longer benefit from current stem cell therapies.

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Abbreviations

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

DSCs:

Dental stem cells

DPSCs:

Dental pulp stem cells

BM-MSCs:

Bone marrow-derived MSCs

ASCs:

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells

FSCs:

Follicle precursor cells

PDL:

Periodontal ligament

PDLSCs:

Periodontal ligament stem cells

SCAPs:

Stem cells from the apical papilla

UMSCs:

Umbilical cord MSCs

UCBC:

Umbilical cord blood cells

ERM:

Epithelial cell rests of Malassez

DePDL:

Deciduous periodontal ligament

SHEDs:

Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

GMP:

Good Manufacturing Practice

HLA-D:

Human leukocyte antigen

vWF:

von Willebrand factor

DFO:

Deferoxamine

ISCBI:

International Stem Cell Banking Initiative

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  1. Laboratory of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Agoralaan, Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium

    Petra Hilkens, Ronald B. Driesen, Esther Wolfs, Pascal Gervois, Tim Vangansewinkel, Jessica Ratajczak, Yörg Dillen, Annelies Bronckaers & Ivo Lambrichts

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  1. Petra Hilkens
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  1. Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Feridoun Karimi-Busheri

  2. Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Michael Weinfeld

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Hilkens, P. et al. (2016). Cryopreservation and Banking of Dental Stem Cells. In: Karimi-Busheri, F., Weinfeld, M. (eds) Biobanking and Cryopreservation of Stem Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 951. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_17

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