Abstract
Staging of juvenile angiofibroma is essential for treatment, surgical decision-making, and prediction of lesion recurrence and prognosis. Classification depends primarily on factors such as tumor location, degree of invasion, biological behavior, extension route, and recurrence sites. With advances in radiographic imaging, embolization, and nasal endoscopy, tumor staging systems for juvenile angiofibroma have changed constantly over the past 30 years. Some newer staging systems have been developed to determine the risk of persistent disease, choose the appropriate surgical method, and maintain uniformity. The Sessions system is the first standardized juvenile angiofibroma classification system. The Radkowski system and either the Fisch system or the Andrews–Fisch system were the most popular in use. These systems have been recognized as the comprehensive, practical, and applicable guide to surgical approach and prediction of outcome. UPMC system is based on current advances in surgical technique and imaging; its applicability needs to be ascertained in the future.
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Yi, Z., Lin, C. (2017). Staging Systems and Their Use. In: Dubey, S., Schick, B. (eds) Juvenile Angiofibroma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45343-9_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45343-9_8
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