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Pancreatic Islet Biology pp 257–283Cite as

Regenerative Medicine: Clinical Islet Transplantation

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Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Islet transplantation is used clinically for replacement of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells in a subset of patients with type 1 diabetes. Since the publication of successful islet transplantation by the Edmonton group in 2000, over 750 islet transplants have been performed in more than 30 centers worldwide, with ever-improving success rates. However, islet transplantation is limited by the short supply of suitable donor pancreases, as well as the need for immunosuppression to combat rejection of the allograft. This review covers strategies to prevent rejection of islets, and methods are being developed to visualize graft loss and improve survival and function of transplanted beta cells. It is likely that developments in clinical islet transplantation will provide a platform to build new methods for beta cell replacement, including beta cells derived from stem cells or xenotransplantation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr. William Stanley for assistance with figures. This work was funded by a Program Grant (APP1037321), fellowship (HET), and Clinical Centre of Research Excellence: Clinical Science in Diabetes (APP454461) from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia; the Department of Health and Ageing, Commonwealth of Australia administered by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; and the Susan Alberti Medical Research Foundation. The St. Vincent’s Institute receives support from the Operational Infrastructure Support Scheme of the Government of Victoria.

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  1. St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia

    Helen E. Thomas, Kate L. Graham, Thomas Loudovaris & Thomas W. H. Kay

  2. Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia

    Helen E. Thomas, Kate L. Graham & Thomas W. H. Kay

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  1. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre Diabetes and Islet-biology Group, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

    Anandwardhan A. Hardikar

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Thomas, H.E., Graham, K.L., Loudovaris, T., Kay, T.W.H. (2016). Regenerative Medicine: Clinical Islet Transplantation. In: A. Hardikar, A. (eds) Pancreatic Islet Biology. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45307-1_11

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