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Osteoporosis in Cardiopulmonary, Kidney and Liver Disorders

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Abstract

Osteoporosis coexists with other chronic diseases to provide what some authors have termed “multimorbidity” interactions. This chapter focuses on four chronic diseases—cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions as well as kidney and liver disorders. As with osteoporosis, these conditions are associated with aging, even if aging, as in the case of cystic fibrosis, begins as early as adolescence. In each case, either the condition itself or its treatment may lead to new-onset osteoporosis, exacerbate existing osteoporosis, or increase fracture risk even when an individual’s BMD would not suggest a risk. For example, low bone mineral bone density and vitamin D deficiency are associated with COPD, while its treatment including prolonged use of oral corticosteroids can induce osteoporosis. In aspects of liver failure, fractures can occur even with moderate declines in BMD, generally not in the range when fractures would otherwise occur. In the diseases selected, this chapter will examine the prevalence of one condition in consort with the other, the impact of the interaction of these conditions, and the drug–disease interactions.

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    Christina V. Oleson

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Oleson, C.V. (2017). Osteoporosis in Cardiopulmonary, Kidney and Liver Disorders. In: Osteoporosis Rehabilitation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45084-1_14

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