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Introduction: South Korea’s Young, How Are You Doing?

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Bullying and Violence in South Korea
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Abstract

At the end of 2011, just as school violence was about to hit the national headlines, ‘Yoon-a’ was detained for one month at a ‘Juvenile Classification and Examination Center’ southwest of Seoul on school violence-related charges. Yoon-a had no prior criminal record and this was the first time she was put under police investigation. Like the K-pop boy-band Infinite, there were seven members in her ‘il-jin’ or ‘delinquent’ peer group. While her fellow group members were in the 2nd grade of high school, Yoon-a was herself in the 3rd grade. Her seniority bestowed upon her a degree of authority and power—which she both used and misused. The group members all knew each other from middle school and had maintained close and intimate contact after entering high school. Each of them had, to varying degrees, engaged in extortion by threatening their 1st grade juniors to hand over money.

Trees that go through windy storms have deeper roots and bear more nourishing fruit.

This message is carved into a stone that sits at the entrance of the ‘Seoul Juvenile Training School’ where the author has conducted research and volunteer work.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    1,000 won is approximately equivalent to US $1 (more precisely, 88–90 cents).

  2. 2.

    ‘개념 없다.’ This is an expression senior’s use as a way to look down upon juniors.

  3. 3.

    A joint assault is group assault, while special burglary is burglary conducted with one or more accomplices.

  4. 4.

    2015. ‘Anger as apartment guards forced to bow to residents,’ The Korea Times, November 9. Retrieved November 10 from http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2015/11/511_190369.html (‘Anger as apartment…’ 2015)

  5. 5.

    2015. ‘Alcohol blamed for domestic and sexual violence,’ The Korea Times, August 9. Retrieved August 10 from http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2015/08/116_184456.html (‘Alcohol blamed…’ 2015)

  6. 6.

    Lee, Claire. 2015. ‘Drinking significant factor in domestic violence in South Korea,’ The Korea Herald, August 19. Retrieved December 14 from http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20150819001115 (Lee 2015)

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    Lee Kyung-min. 2015. ‘Freshman unconscious after drinking at orientation session,’ The Korea Times, February 27. Retrieved February 28 from http://m.koreatimes.co.kr/phone/news/view.jsp?req_newsidx=174294 (Lee Kyung-min 2015)

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  15. 15.

    Wright Mill, C. 1959. The Sociological Imagination. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. (Wright Mill 1959)

  16. 16.

    For anthropologist Clifford Geertz, a ‘thick description’ of human behaviour must explain both the behaviour and the context in order to make that behaviour meaningful to an outsider (The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays. New York: Basic Books, 1973).

  17. 17.

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    Kang, Jin-kyu. 2014. ‘In Daejeon, pope’s words comfort the grieving,’ Korea Joongang Daily, August 16. Retrieved August 17 from http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2993589&cloc= joongangdaily|home |top (Kang, Jin-kyu 2014)

  20. 20.

    Kwon, Mee-yoo and Baek Byung-yeul. 2014. ‘Pope urges Asian youth to help the poor,’ The Korea Times, August 17. Retrieved August 18 from http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2014/08/632_163082.html(Kwon and Baek 2014)

  21. 21.

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  22. 22.

    Williamson, Lucy. 2014. ‘Kimchi: South Korea’s efforts to boost its national dish’, BBC News, February 4. Retrieved February 8 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25840493(Williamson 2014)

  23. 23.

    Kwon, Mee-yoo. 2016. ‘Culture will become new growth engine,’ The Korea Times, January 18. Retrieved January 19 from http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/01/135_195719.html (Kwon 2016)

  24. 24.

    Choi, Woo-ri. 2014. ‘Korean kids do their own research into their slave-like study habits,’ The Hankyoreh, December 9. Retrieved December 12 from http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/668207.html (Choi 2014)

  25. 25.

    Ibid.

  26. 26.

    Park, Su-ji and Choi Sung-jin. 2014. ‘Survey: Academic stress threatening South Korean children’s very survival,’ The Hankyoreh, November 5. Retrieved December 12 from http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_ edition/e_national/663037. html (Park and Choi Sung-jin 2014)

  27. 27.

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  28. 28.

    Song, S.H. 2011. ‘Happiness index for Korean teenagers lowest among OECD states,’ Korea Herald, May 4. Retrieved February 8, 2015, from http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110504000521 (Song 2011)

  29. 29.

    2013. ‘Troubling snapshot of average Korean teenager,’ The Korea Times, May 4. Retrieved May from http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/05/116_135109.html (‘Troubling snapshot…’ 2013)

  30. 30.

    Kang Yewon. 2014. ‘Poll shows half of Korean teenagers have suicidal thoughts,’ Korea Real Time, March 20. Retrieved March 22 from http://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2014/03/20/poll-shows-half-of-korean-teenagers-have-suicidal-thoughts/ (Kang Yewon 2014)

  31. 31.

    Ock, Hyun-ju. 2014. ‘Korean students sleep just 5.5 hours a day: Survey,’ The Korea Herald, February 18. Retrieved February 19 from http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140218000688 (Ock 2014)

  32. 32.

    Park, Su-ji and Choi Sung-jin. 2014. ‘Survey: Academic stress threatening South Korean children’s very survival,’ The Hankyoreh, November 5. (Park and Choi Sung-jin 2014)

  33. 33.

    Oh, Soo-young. 2014. ‘Why Korean youth die young,’ Human Rights Monitor, May 6. Retrieved July 5 from http://www.humanrightskorea.org/2014/korean-youth-die-young/ (Oh 2014)

  34. 34.

    Lee, Soo-bum. 2014. ‘Survey: after-school academies the biggest source of students’ stress,’ The Hankyoreh, May 6. Retrieved December 12 from http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/635740.html (Lee 2014)

  35. 35.

    Lee, Sun-min. 2015. ‘Controversy over child’s violent poem rages on,’ Korea Joongang Daily, May 12. Retrieved May 14 from http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3004058&cloc= joongangdaily|home |online (Lee 2015)

  36. 36.

    Ibid.

  37. 37.

    All poems included in the book appeared in a book of the boy’s poetry called ‘Fly to Your Dream’ (꿈을향하여날아오르다). The book was edited by the School’s Director, Han Young-sun, and published by Handi Publishers.

  38. 38.

    Maté, Gabor. 2008. In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts: Close Encounters With Addiction. Toronto: Vintage Canada (p. 2). (Maté 2008)

  39. 39.

    This discussion comes from the documentary ‘School Violence’ that appeared on EBS in 2013.

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Bax, T. (2016). Introduction: South Korea’s Young, How Are You Doing?. In: Bullying and Violence in South Korea. Palgrave Advances in Criminology and Criminal Justice in Asia. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44612-7_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44612-7_1

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