Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Educating the Young Child ((EDYC,volume 12))

Abstract

Visually rich digital and media-based texts feature prominently within the educational discourse on preparing learners for their twenty-first century global futures. In discussions of young children’s learning, many early literacy professionals now express familiarity with the term multimodality, although not necessarily a substantive understanding of its application to practice. In this introductory chapter, I offer a starting point for constructing multimodal perspectives of language, literacy, and learning by focusing on the creative “art” of making meaning. Noting the dual use of the term “art,” I draw attention to the notion of making meaning as an “art” and, secondly, to the point that visual images (frequently synonymous with “art”) have become a particularly critical feature of engagement as we prepare children to navigate the changes and challenges of our millennium. I briefly explore relevant constructs: meaning-making, multimodality, and creativity and provide an overview of early phases of young children’s visual language development. Through an insightful description of the multimodal meaning-making processes that emerged in adult-child interactions surrounding a toddler’s early scribbles, I offer authentic illustration of theory in practice. Citing the disconnect between the proliferation of visual textual forms encountered within in our twenty-first century culture and the verbocentric orientation of many adults who influence young children’s learning, I purposefully highlight social justice concerns that problematize the issue of meaning-making in early childhood education relative to adults’ misperceptions of art and children’s image-making.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Arnheim, R. (1969/1997). Visual thinking. Berkely, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrett, T. (2003). Interpreting visual culture. Art Education, 56(2), 6–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronson, P., & Merryman, A. (2010). The creativity crisis. Newsweek.www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2010/07/10/the-creatvity-crisis.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruner, J. (1996). The culture of education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, G. (1999). Neonatal imitation: Existence, mechanisms, and motives. In J. Nadel & G. Butterworth (Eds.), Imitation in infancy (pp. 63–88). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandler, D. (2007). Semiotics: The basics (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung, S. K. (2005). Media/visual literacy art education: Cigarette ad deconstruction. Art Education, 58(3), 19–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, L. E., & Uhry, J. (2011). Naming block structures: A multimodal approach. Early Childhood Education Journal, 39(1), 79–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cope, B., & Kalantzis, M. (2009a). “Multiliteracies”: New literacies, new learning. Pedagogies: An International Journal, 4(3), 164–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cope, B., & Kalantzis, M. (2009b). New media, new learning. In D. R. Cole & D. L. Pullen (Eds.), Multiliteracies in motion: Current theory and practice (pp. 87–104). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crafton, L. K., Silvers, P., & Brennan, M. (2009). Creating a critical multiliteracies curriculum: Repositioning art in the early childhood classroom. In M. J. Narey (Ed.), Making meaning (pp. 31–51). New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cuban, L. (2001). Oversold and underused: Computers in the classroom. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1934/1980). Art as experience. New York: Perigee.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyson, A. H. (2003). The brothers and sisters learn to write: Popular literacies in childhood and school cultures. New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, A. (2004). Understanding context, understanding practice in early education. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 12(1), 85–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eisner, E. W. (1978). Reading and the creation of meaning. In E. W. Eisner (Ed.), Reading, the arts, and the creation of meaning (pp. 13–31). Reston, VA: NAEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisner, E. W. (1994). Cognition and curriculum reconsidered (2nd ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisner, E. W. (2002). The arts and the creation of mind. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisner, E. W. (2006). Two visions of education (The Arts Education Collaborative Monograph No. 2). Pittsburgh, PA: Arts Education Collaborative.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forman, G. E. (1996). Negotiating with Art media to deepen learning. Exchange, 3(96), 56–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, H. (1980). Artful scribbles: The significance of children’s drawing. New York: Basic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gee, J. P. (2004). Situated language and learning: A critique of traditional schooling. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, K. S. (1967). Reading: A psycholinguistic guessing game. Journal of the Reading Specialist, 6, 126–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, K. S. (1986). What’s whole in whole language? Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, K. S. (1993). Phonics phacts. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, K. S. (1996). Ken Goodman on reading. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1975). Learning to mean: Explorations in the development of language. London: Edward Arnold.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hanafin, J., Shevlin, M., & Flynn, M. (2002). Responding to student diversity: Lessons from the margin. Pedagogy, Culture and Society, 10(3), 409–423.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harste, J. C. (2000). Six points of departure. In B. Berghoff, K. A. Eawa, J. C. Harste, & B. T. Hoonan (Eds.), Beyond reading and writing: Inquiry, curriculum, and multiple ways of knowing (pp. 1–16). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatcher, R. (2011). Professional learning for creative teaching and learning. In J. Sefton-Green, P. Thomson, K. Jones, & L. Bresler (Eds.), The Routledge international handbook of creative learning (pp. 404–413). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heath, S. B., & Wolf, S. A. (2005). Focus in creative learning: Drawing on art for language development. Literacy, 39(1), 38–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kellogg, R. (1970). Analyzing children’s art. Palo Alto, CA: National Press Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kilbourne, J. (2000). Can’t buy my love: How advertising changes the way we think and feel. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kress, G. (1997/2005). Before writing: Rethinking the paths to literacy. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (1996). Reading images: The grammar of visual design. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Longobardi, C., Quaglia, R., & Iotti, N. O. (2015). Reconsidering the scribbling stage of drawing: A new perspective on toddlers’ representational processes. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1227. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lowenfeld, V., & Brittain, W. L. (1947/1964). Creative and mental growth (4th ed.). New York, NY: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luehrman, M., & Unrath, K. (2006). Making theories of children’s artistic development meaningful for preservice teachers. Art Education, 59(3), 6–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, J. (1999). The art of childhood and adolescence: The construction of meaning. London: Falmer Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Millard, E., & Marsh, J. (2001). Words with pictures: The role of visual literacy in writing and its implication for schooling. Reading, 35(2), 54–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narey, M. J. (2002). A rationale for visual arts education. In Pennsylvania Department of Education and Riverview Intermediate Unit Six (Ed.), Pennsylvania Crosswalks Framework for Visual Arts. Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania Department of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narey, M. J. (2008). Social and psychological theories of creativity and reflective practice: A conceptual analysis. Paper presented at the 2008 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association (http://www.aera.net/repository).

  • Narey, M. J. (Ed.). (2009). Making meaning: Constructing multimodal perspectives of language, literacy, and learning through arts-based early childhood education. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narey, M. J. (2014). Educating for 21st century capacities by cultivating teachers’ capacities: Re-envisioning “teaching” within a creativity framework. Paper presented at the 2014 Global Learning Alliance (GLA), Columbia University, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE). (2005). Multimodal literacies. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from http://www.ncte.org/about/over/positions/category/literacy/123213.htm.

  • Nelson, M. E. (2006). Mode, meaning, and synaesthesia in multimedia L2 writing. Language Learning & Technology, 10(2), 56–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • New London Group. (1996). A pedagogy of multiliteracies: Designing social futures. Harvard Educational Review, 66(1), 60–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olson, J. L. (1992). Envisioning writing: Toward an integration of drawing and writing. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Partnership for 21st Century Schools [P21]. (2011). Framework for 21st century learning. Retrieved December 20, 2013, from http://www.p21.org/overview/skills-framework.

  • Piro, J. (2002). The picture of reading: Deriving meaning in literacy through image. The Reading Teacher, 56(2), 126–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Press, F., & Mitchell, L. (2014). Lived spaces of infant-toddler education and care: Implications for policy. In L. Harrison & J. Sumsion (Eds.), Lived spaces of infant-toddler education and care: Exploring diverse perspectives on theory, research, practice, and policy (pp. 225–240). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Prinsloo, M. (2005). The new literacies as placed resources. Perspectives in Education, 23(4), 87–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinsloo, M. (2009). Thinking locally, acting globally: The new literacies as placed resources. In D. Koutsogiannis & M. Arapopoulou (Eds.), Literacy, New education: Aspects of the local and global (pp. 181–206). Thessaloniki, Greece: Ziti Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quaglia, R., Longobardi, C., Iotti, N. O., & Prino, L. E. (2015). A new theory on children’s drawings: Analyzing the role of emotion and movement in graphical development. Infant Behavior and Development, 39, 81–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Read, H. (1958). Education through art. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ring, K. (2006). Supporting young children drawing: Developing a role. International Journal of Education through Art, 2(3), 195–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogoff, B. (1990). Apprenticeship in thinking: Cognitive development in social context. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, M. (1995). More than words: The generative power of transmediation for learning. Canadian Journal of Education, 20, 455–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, M. (2006). Rereading the signs: Multimodal transformations in the field of literacy education. Language Arts, 84(1), 65–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, M. (2012). New times for multimodality? Confronting the accountability culture. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 55(8), 671–680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suhor, C. (1984). Towards a semiotics-based curriculum. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 16, 247–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wegerif, R. (2008). Dialogic or dialectic? The significance of ontological assumptions in research on educational dialogue. British Educational Research Journal, 34(3), 347–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, S., & Flewitt, R. (2010). New technologies, new multimodal literacy practices and young children’s metacognitive development. Cambridge Journal of Education, 40(4), 387–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marilyn J. Narey .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Narey, M.J. (2017). The Creative “Art” of Making Meaning. In: Narey, M. (eds) Multimodal Perspectives of Language, Literacy, and Learning in Early Childhood. Educating the Young Child, vol 12. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44297-6_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44297-6_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-44295-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-44297-6

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics