Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Tidal Sedimentation of the Sunderban's Thakuran Basin pp 83–121Cite as

Sedimentary Structures

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 275 Accesses

Abstract

The exposed portions of the Thakuran River bed and the intertidal mid-channel bars reveal various bedforms of tidal origin. Sand flats with small and large-scale bedforms dominate throughout the downstream portion of the tidal shoals, whereas mudflats possess fewer physical structures. The presence of megaripple marks and ripple marks as bedforms indicates that the river extends to the upper part of the lower flow regime. Both the surface and internal structures are indicative of tidal influence. Surface structures like small ripple marks, linguoid ripples, megaripples, sandwaves, rill marks, rhomboid marks etc. are recognised. Internal structures like flaser and lenticular type are highly indicative of flood and ebb cycles. Zones with distinctive bedform characteristics can be delineated based on their morphological variations and orientations. Moreover, 5–15 cm-wide intertidal belts are populated by hybrid bedforms. The structures indicating modification of bedforms due to the fluctuating velocity and depth during ebb and flood periods include: (i) skewed spurs, (ii) ripplefans, (iii) flat-crested megaripples and sandwaves, (iv) dissected channels and (v) microdeltas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Allen JRL (1968) Current ripples: their relation to patterns of water and sediment motion. North Holland, Amsterdam, p 433p

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen JRL (1984) Sedimentary structures, their character and physical bases. Development in Sedimentology. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 663p

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnborg L (1958) The lower part of the River Angermanalven. I Publ Georgr Inst Univ Uppsala 1:181–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya A (1969) Deformed cross-beds in the point bar deposits of the River Ajay, West Bengal and Bihar. Quart J Geol Min Met Soc India. VXLI(3):169–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Boersma JR, Terwindt JHJ (1981) Neap-spring tide sequences of intertidal shoal deposits in a mesotidal estuary. Sedimentology 28:151–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogardi JL (1961) Some aspects of the application of the theory of sediment transportation to engineering problems. J Geophys Res 66:3337–3346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boothroyd JC (1978) Mesotidal inlets and estuaries. In: Davies RA Jr (ed) Coastal sedimentary environments. pp 287–360, Springer-Verlag, New York, 420p

    Google Scholar 

  • Boothroyd JC, Hubbard DK (1975) Coastal Engr Res Center. Misc Pap. 1–7. Army Corps of Engrs. Fort Belvoir. Virginia (1972). In: Cronin LE (ed) Estuarine Res, pp 217–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalrymple RW, Knight RJ, Middleton GV (1975) Intertidal sandbars in Cobequid Bay (Bay of Fundy). In: Cronin LE (ed). Estuarine research, vol 2. Academic Press, New York, pp 293–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalrymple RW, Knight RJ, Lambiase JJ (1978) Bedforms and their hydraulic stability relationship in a tidal environment, Bay of Fundy, Canada. Nature 275:100–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalrymple RW, Knight RJ, Zaitlin BA, Middleton GV (1990) Dynamics and facies model of a macrotidal sand-bar complex, Cobequid Bay-Salmon River Estuary (Bay of Fundy). Sedimentology 37:577–612

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das GK (2015) Estuarine morphodynamics of the Sunderbans. Coastal research library, vol 11. Springer, Switzerland, 211p

    Google Scholar 

  • Das GK (2016) Sedimentary structures. pp 568–572. In: Michael JK (ed) Encyclopedia of estuaries. Springer, New York, 760p

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis Jr RA (1983) Depositional system: a geomorphic appearance to sedimentary geology. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 669p

    Google Scholar 

  • de Klein GV (1970) Depositional and dispersal dynamics of intertidal sandbars. J Sediment Petrol 40:1095–1127

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliot T, Gardiner AR (1981) Ripple, megaripple and sandwave bedforms in the macrotidal Loughor Estuary, South Wales, UK. Spl Publ Int Assoc Sed 5:51–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Emery KO, Gale JF (1951) Swash and swash mark. Trans Am Geophys Union 32:31–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisk HN (1944) Geological investigation of the alluvial valley of the lower Mississippi River. Mississippi River Commission, Vicksburg, Miss, p 78p

    Google Scholar 

  • Harms JC, Fahenstock RK (1965) Stratifications, bedforms and flow phenomena (with example of Rio Grande). In: Middleton GV (ed) Primary sedimentation structures and their hydrodynamic interpretations, vol 12. Soc Econ Paleont Mineral Spl Publ, pp 84–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Harms JC, McKnezee DB, McCubbin DG (1963) Stratification in modern sand of the Red River, Louisiana. J Geol 71:566–580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Houthuys R, Gullentops F (1988) Tidal transverse bar building up to a longitudinal sand body (Middle Eocene), Belgium. 139–152. In: deBoer PL, VanGelder A, Nio SD (eds) Tide-influenced sedimentary environments and facies. D Reidel Publishing Company, Boston, 530p

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoyt JH, Henry VJ (1963) The role of waves and tidal currents in the development of tidal inlet sedimentary structures and sand body geometry: examples from North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. J Sed Petrol 49:1073–1092

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight RJ (1972) Cobequid Bay sedimentology project: a progress report. Mar Sedi 9:45–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Komar PD (1976) Beach processes and sedimentation. Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, p 429p

    Google Scholar 

  • Lattman LH (1960) Cross-section of a flood plain in a moist region of moderate relief. J Sedi Petrol 30:275–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKee ED, Reynolds MA, Baker CH Jr (1962a) Laboratory studies on deformation on unconsolidated sediments. US Geol Survey Profess Papers 450-D:151–155

    Google Scholar 

  • McKee ED, Reynolds MA, Baker CH Jr (1962b) Experiments on intraformational recumbent folds in cross-bedded sand. US Geol Survey Profess Papers 450-D:156–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Potter PE, Pettijohn PE (1963) Palaeocurrent and basin analysis, 2nd edn. Springer-Verlag, New York, p 423p

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rahmani RA (1988) Estuarine tidal channel and nearshore sedimentation of a Late Cretaceous epicontinental sea, Drumheller, Alberta, Canada. pp 433–471. In: deBoer PL, VanGelder A, Nio SD (eds) Tide-influenced sedimentary environments and facies. D Reidel Publishing Company, Boston, 530p

    Google Scholar 

  • Reineck HE (1960) Uber Zeitlucken in rezenten Flachsec—Sediment Geol Pundschan 49:149–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Reineck HE (1972) Tidal flats. In: Rigby JK, Hamblin WK (eds) Recognition of ancient sedimentary environments, vol 16. Soc Econ Paleon Mineral Special Publication, pp 146–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Reineck HE, Singh IB (1972) Genesis of laminated sand and graded rhythmites in storm-sand layers of shelf mud. Sedimentology 18:123–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reineck HE, Singh IB (1980) Depositional sedimentary environments. Springer Verlag, New York, p 408p

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Reineck HE, Wunderlich F (1968) Classification and origin of flaser and lenticular bedding. Sedimentology 11:99–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders JE (1963) Concept of fluid mechanics provided by the primary sedimentary structures. J Sediment Petrol 31:446–462

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith DG (1988) Modern point bar deposits analogous to the Athabasca Oil Sands, Alberta, Canada. pp 417–432. In: deBoer PL, VanGelder A, Nio SD (eds) Tide-influenced sedimentary environments and facies. D Reidal Publishing Company, Boston, 530p

    Google Scholar 

  • Terwindt JHJ (1988) Paleo-tidal reconstruction of inshore tidal depositional environments. pp 233–264. In: deBoer PL, VanGelder A, Nio SD (eds) Tide-influenced sedimentary environments and facies. D Reidel Publishing Company, Boston, 530p

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Straaten LMJU (1961) Sedimentation in tidal flats areas. J Alberta Soc Petrol Geol 9:203–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Visser MJ (1980) Neap-spring cycles reflected in Holocene subtidal large scale bedform deposits: a preliminary note. Geology 8:543–546

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India

    Gautam Kumar Das

Authors
  1. Gautam Kumar Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gautam Kumar Das .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Das, G.K. (2017). Sedimentary Structures. In: Tidal Sedimentation of the Sunderban's Thakuran Basin. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44191-7_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation