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Redox State as a Central Regulator of Plant-Cell Stress Responses pp 365–386Cite as

Protein S-Nitrosylation and S-Glutathionylation as Regulators of Redox Homeostasis During Abiotic Stress Response

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Abstract

Abiotic stress, one of the main factors affecting crop yield, is characterized by a rapid burst of redox molecules, especially belonging to reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. These molecules can act as molecular cues that trigger the defense mechanisms leading to maintaining the cellular redox balance. However, when the stress persists over time, a high concentration of ROS and RNS can overwhelm the capacity of protection of the antioxidant systems, thereby perturbing cellular redox homeostasis. This situation can induce a nitro-oxidative stress that ultimately causes cell damage and compromises plant survival. Therefore, understanding how plants cope with the changing environment can be essential for improving crops. In this regard, cysteine residues appear to be crucial to perceive the environmental signals and to orchestrate plant responses, which are usually mediated by redox posttranslational modifications (PTMs) such as S-nitrosylation and S-glutathionylation. Increasing evidence suggests that these redox PTMs could be key players in maintaining the cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the antioxidant systems. However, although hundreds of proteins, including some main antioxidants, have been reported to be targets of S-nitrosylation and/or S-glutathionylation under physiological and/or abiotic stress, there is still little information on the specific impact of these changes on the protein function and their physiological relevance. In this book chapter, we will explore recent knowledge concerning the involvement of these modifications in response to abiotic stress, with special attention to characterizing these modified proteins at the molecular level.

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Acknowledgments

JC Begara-Morales would like to thank the Alfonso Martin Escudero Foundation for funding his postdoctoral fellowship. This study was supported by an ERDF grant cofinanced by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project BIO2015-66390-P; MINECO/FEDER) and the Junta de Andalucía (groups BIO286 and BIO192) in Spain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Campus Universitario “Las Lagunillas” s/n, University of Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain

    J. C. Begara-Morales, B. Sánchez-Calvo, M. Chaki, R. Valderrama, C. Mata-Pérez & J. B. Barroso

  2. Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEZ-CSIC), 18008, Granada, Spain

    F. J. Corpas

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  1. J. C. Begara-Morales
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  2. B. Sánchez-Calvo
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  3. M. Chaki
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  4. R. Valderrama
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  5. C. Mata-Pérez
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  6. F. J. Corpas
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  7. J. B. Barroso
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Correspondence to J. B. Barroso .

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  1. Institut für Radioökologie, Universität Hannover , Hannover, Germany

    Dharmendra K Gupta

  2. CSIC, Estación Experimental del Zaidín , Granada, Spain

    José M. Palma

  3. CSIC, Estación Experimental del Zaidín , Granada, Spain

    Francisco J. Corpas

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Begara-Morales, J.C. et al. (2016). Protein S-Nitrosylation and S-Glutathionylation as Regulators of Redox Homeostasis During Abiotic Stress Response. In: Gupta, D., Palma, J., Corpas, F. (eds) Redox State as a Central Regulator of Plant-Cell Stress Responses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44081-1_17

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