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Neuroimmunomodulation of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type I/II Infection

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Abstract

Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus type I (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus. Infection is associated with a variety of human diseases including HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraperesis (HAM/TSP). Large numbers of epidemiological, virological, immunological, and clinical studies on HTLV-1 and HTLV-1 associated diseases have been published, although the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP is not yet fully understood. In the last several years, researchers have shown that several key factors are important in HTLV-1 associated neurological diseases including high HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) and a strong immune response to the virus. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiological findings on HAM/TSP and focus on the viral-host immune responses such as virus specific CD8+ T cell responses in infected individuals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

    Akinari Yamano

  2. Department of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan

    Yoshihisa Yamano

  3. Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Steven Jacobson

  4. Viral Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive MSC 1400, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Steven Jacobson

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  3. Steven Jacobson
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Correspondence to Steven Jacobson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Tsuneya Ikezu

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

    Howard E. Gendelman

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Yamano, A., Yamano, Y., Jacobson, S. (2017). Neuroimmunomodulation of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type I/II Infection. In: Ikezu, T., Gendelman, H. (eds) Neuroimmune Pharmacology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44022-4_28

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