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Stem Cells and Neurogenesis for Brain Development, Degeneration and Therapy

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Neuroimmune Pharmacology

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Abstract

Neural stem cells and neurogenesis are a constitutive part of brain development and homeostasis. Importantly, function of neural stem cells and neurogenesis is how a healthy brain is defined. Decline number of neural stem cells and impaired neurogenesis are observed during aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, research in the past decades has generated great interest in the understanding of neural stem cells and neurogenesis. Many immunological and pharmacological therapeutic approaches are developed based on this research. In the current chapter, we introduce different types of stem cells relevant to the health and diseases of the nervous system. We discuss critical molecules and cell types involved in adult neurogenesis and how this research can be used to promote neural regeneration and repair during diseases. Additionally, we introduce an exciting new avenue of stem cell therapy based on somatic cell reprogramming strategy and discuss its potential applications in various neurological diseases.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Drs. Nicholas Whitney, Dr. Kang Tang, Dr. Myron Toews for the scientific editing of the previous edition of this book chapter; Julie Ditter, Lenal Bottoms, Myhanh Che, Johna Belling, and Robin Taylor for the outstanding administrative and secretarial support. This work was supported by grants from National Institutes of Health: R01 NS41858-01, 2R56NS041858-15A1 (JZ), and R03 NS094071-01 (YH).

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5930, USA

    Justin Peer, Hainan Zhang, Hui Peng, Krysten Vance, Yunlong Huang & Jialin C. Zheng

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  1. Justin Peer
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Correspondence to Yunlong Huang or Jialin C. Zheng .

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  1. Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Tsuneya Ikezu

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

    Howard E. Gendelman

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Peer, J., Zhang, H., Peng, H., Vance, K., Huang, Y., Zheng, J.C. (2017). Stem Cells and Neurogenesis for Brain Development, Degeneration and Therapy. In: Ikezu, T., Gendelman, H. (eds) Neuroimmune Pharmacology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44022-4_15

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