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Swedish Special Operations Forces: How It All Started

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Special Operations from a Small State Perspective

Part of the book series: New Security Challenges ((NSECH))

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Abstract

The second chapter, Swedish Special Operations Forces: How It All Started, presents the history of SWESOF. The author displays constraints and possibilities that affect the development of a complex military capability in a small state. Further, the chapter entails a discussion of why, relatively speaking, it took so long for Sweden to develop an instrument for special operations and what consequences followed. The author also describes the challenge of balancing between staying small and innovative or expanding and the risk of gradually becoming conventional similar to the rest of the Armed Forces. Where is the tipping point, where for financial reasons you no longer are lean enough to be equipped with state-of-the-art equipment and thereby maintain the edge? The gap between the Special Forces, the tip of the spear, and the conventional forces will inevitably become narrower.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Gyllenhaal, Lars, Elitförband i Norden, Fischer & Co, Stockholm, 2009, p. 18.

  2. 2.

    Gyllenhaal, Lars, Elitförband i Norden, Fischer & Co, Stockholm, 2009.

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    Глáвное Развéдывательное Управлéние (ГРУ), Russian military intelligence.

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    Paulsson, L.-Å. et al. (ed). K3- 25 år i Karlsborg, K3 Historiekommitté, Karlsborg, K3 Historiekommitté, 2009, p. 221.

  5. 5.

    Paulsson, L.-Å. et al. (ed). K3- 25 år i Karlsborg, K3 Historiekommitté, Karlsborg, K3 Historiekommitté, 2009, pp. 216–223.

  6. 6.

    Definition Tier 1, Horn. B (2012) “We Will Find a Way”: Understanding the Legacy of Canadian Special Operations Forces, Joint Special Operations University. Report 12– 2 February 2012.

  7. 7.

    Alm, H. and Forsman, M. Operativ ledning av specialförband, LCU 19 100:6004, Försvarshögskolan, Stockholm, 1998.

  8. 8.

    The term black refers to being focused on counterterrorism/hostage release operations.

  9. 9.

    Paulsson, Lars-Åke, K3-25 år i Karlsborg, 208. Gyllenhaal, Elitförband i Norden, 2009, 99.

  10. 10.

    Interview with General (R) Johan Hederstedt, 27 January 2010. General Hederstedt served as the military advisor to the Minister of Defense 1997–2000 and then as the Chief of Defense 2000–2004.

  11. 11.

    Ericson Wolke, Lars, Lessons learned? Svenska operativa och taktiska erfarenheter från Kongokrisen 1960–1964, Krigsvetenskapliga forskningsrapporter nr. 15, Försvarshögskolan, Stockholm, 2007, 58.

  12. 12.

    Gyllenhaal, L., Elitförband i Norden, Fischer & Co, Stockholm, 2009.

  13. 13.

    Interview with General (R) Johan Hederstedt, 27 January 2010. General Hederstedt served as the military advisor to the Minister of Defense 1997–2000 and then as the Chief of Defense 2000–2004.

  14. 14.

    http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_105950.htm, 20151015.

  15. 15.

    Ilis Alm, H. and Gillier, X, Special Operations Forces in the EU Context— a Spearhead Capability. IMPETUS, Bulletin of the EU Military Staff, EEAS, Brussels autumn/winter 2015 issue no. 20.

  16. 16.

    Ilis Alm, H. and Gillier. X., Special Operations Forces in the EU Context— a Spearhead Capability. IMPETUS, Bulletin of the EU Military Staff, EEAS, Brussels autumn/winter 2015 issue no. 20.

  17. 17.

    Elite operators of the Royal Netherlands Marine Corps. The Dutch Defence Press http://www.dutchdefencepress.com/elite-operators-of-the-royal-netherlands-marine-corps/#.VfkWPWfou1s, 20151108.

  18. 18.

    Lohaus, Phillip A., Precarious Balance-Preserving the Right Mix of Conventional and Special Operations Forces, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC, p. 5. https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/-a-precarious-balance_143650124279.pdf

  19. 19.

    Lohaus, Phillip A., Precarious Balance- Preserving the Right Mix of Conventional and Special Operations Forces, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC., 2014.

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Ilis Alm, C.H. (2017). Swedish Special Operations Forces: How It All Started. In: Eriksson, G., Pettersson, U. (eds) Special Operations from a Small State Perspective. New Security Challenges. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43961-7_2

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