Abstract
We present a multimodality mapping approach to guide staged excision for challenging lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) lesions. LM/LMM often present with ill-defined clinical borders and subclinical tumor extension on the head and neck, where preservation of functionality and cosmesis can be critical. In our approach, pre-surgical evaluation of clinical margins is defined with the use of Wood’s Lamp, dermoscopy, confocal microscopy, and scouting punch biopsies. Once pre-operative margin mapping has been completed, a staged excision with complete pathologic assessment prior to final excision and subsequent closure is performed. Our approach ensures complete resection of these difficult-to-manage LM/LMM cases while preserving healthy tissue in order to minimize the impact on cosmesis and functionality.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hazan C, Dusza SW, Delgado R, Busam KJ, Halpern AC, Nehal KS. Staged excision for lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma: A retrospective analysis of 117 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(1):142–8. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.09.023.
Coleman 3rd WP, Davis RS, Reed RJ, Krementz ET. Treatment of lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1980;6(6):476–9.
Osborne JE, Hutchinson PE. A follow-up study to investigate the efficacy of initial treatment of lentigo maligna with surgical excision. Br J Plast Surg. 2002;55(8):611–5.
Bricca GM, Brodland DG, Ren D, Zitelli JA. Cutaneous head and neck melanoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(1):92–100. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2004.08.038.
Zitelli JA, Brown CD, Hanusa BH. Surgical margins for excision of primary cutaneous melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;37(3 Pt 1):422–9.
Kunishige JH, Brodland DG, Zitelli JA. Surgical margins for melanoma in situ. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;66(3):438–44. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2011.06.019.
Duffy KL, Truong A, Bowen GM, Andtbacka RH, Hyngstrom J, Bowles T, et al. Adequacy of 5-mm surgical excision margins for non-lentiginous melanoma in situ. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(4):835–8. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2014.06.044.
Binder M, Puespoeck-Schwarz M, Steiner A, Kittler H, Muellner M, Wolff K, et al. Epiluminescence microscopy of small pigmented skin lesions: short-term formal training improves the diagnostic performance of dermatologists. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;36(2 Pt 1):197–202.
Chen CSJ, Elias MD, Busam KJ, Rajadhyaksha M, Marghoob AA. Multi-modal in vivo optical imaging, including confocal microscopy, facilitate pre-surgical margin mapping for clinically complex lentigo maligna melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2005;153(5):1031–6.
Paraskevas LR, Halpern AC, Marghoob AA. Utility of the Wood’s light: five cases from a pigmented lesion clinic. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152(5):1039–44. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06346.x.
Menzies SW, Ingvar C, Crotty KA, McCarthy WH. Frequency and morphologic characteristics of invasive melanomas lacking specific surface microscopic features. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132(10):1178–82.
Bafounta ML, Beauchet A, Aegerter P, Saiag P. Is dermoscopy (epiluminescence microscopy) useful for the diagnosis of melanoma? Results of a meta-analysis using techniques adapted to the evaluation of diagnostic tests. Arch Dermatol. 2001;137(10):1343–50.
Schiffner R, Schiffner-Rohe J, Vogt T, Landthaler M, Wlotzke U, Cognetta AB, et al. Improvement of early recognition of lentigo maligna using dermatoscopy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000;42(1 Pt 1):25–32.
Robinson JK. Margin control for lentigo maligna. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;31(1):79–85.
Nwaneshiudu A, Kuschal C, Sakamoto FH, Anderson RR, Schwarzenberger K, Young RC. Introduction to confocal microscopy. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132(12), e3. doi:10.1038/jid.2012.429.
Rajadhyaksha M, Gonzalez S, Zavislan JM, Anderson RR, Webb RH. In vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy of human skin II: advances in instrumentation and comparison with histology. J Invest Dermatol. 1999;113(3):293–303. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00690.x.
Rajadhyaksha M, Grossman M, Esterowitz D, Webb RH, Anderson RR. In vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy of human skin: melanin provides strong contrast. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;104(6):946–52.
Pellacani G, Guitera P, Longo C, Avramidis M, Seidenari S, Menzies S. The impact of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for the diagnostic accuracy of melanoma and equivocal melanocytic lesions. J Invest Dermatol. 2007;127(12):2759–65. doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700993.
Lovatto L, Carrera C, Salerni G, Alos L, Malvehy J, Puig S. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy of equivocal melanocytic lesions detected by digital dermoscopy follow-up. J Euro Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(10):1918–25. doi:10.1111/jdv.13067.
Dengel L, Turza K, Noland MM, Patterson JW, Slingluff Jr CL. Skin mapping with punch biopsies for defining margins in melanoma: when you don't know how far to go. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15(11):3028–35. doi:10.1245/s10434-008-0138-1.
Jeneby TT, Chang B, Bucky LP. Ultraviolet-assisted punch biopsy mapping for lentigo maligna melanoma. Ann Plast Surg. 2001;46(5):495–9. discussion 9–500.
Weyers W, Bonczkowitz M, Weyers I, Bittinger A, Schill WB. Melanoma in situ versus melanocytic hyperplasia in sun-damaged skin. Assessment of the significance of histopathologic criteria for differential diagnosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 1996;18(6):560–6.
Cohen LM. The starburst giant cell is useful for distinguishing lentigo maligna from photodamaged skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(6):962–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cameron, M.C., Chen, CS.J. (2017). Case A: Multiple Mapping Techniques to Guide Staged Excision for a Challenging Lentigo Maligna Melanoma. In: Nehal, K., Busam, K. (eds) Lentigo Maligna Melanoma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43787-3_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43787-3_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43785-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43787-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)