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Future Prospects for Structural, Functional, and Evolutionary Genomics

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Book cover The Brassica napus Genome

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

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Abstract

Completion of the genome assemblies of the first three Brassica napus genotypes provided a reference for genome evolution research, gene discovery, and breeding of Brassica crops—in particular the availability of a reference genome has greatly facilitated mapping of trait loci. After the previous chapters, this chapter provides future prospects on three aspects: (1) Structural genomics—The current B. napus reference genomes remain a great space for improvement. This is urgent need for at least one chromosome-level assembly should be achieved which corrects collapsed genomic regions such as highly repeated sequences from the previous versions. Highly structural variation also necessitated construction of a B. napus pan-genome which describes species-level structural variation in as much detail as possible. Meanwhile, substantial improvement should be undertaken to the annotations of genomic composition and gene models, in order to provide a set of comprehensive annotations including non-coding RNA and alternative splicing transcripts. (2) Functional genomics—There are many ways for making use of the B. napus genome resources to assist genetics-related research. With genome resources and related technologies, one can further speed up discovery of molecular markers and functional genes by linkage mapping, association mapping, syntenic comparison approaches, and their combination (among themselves and with other omics data). (3) Genome evolution—This gives insight into allopolyploid B. napus genome origin, its dynamic genome structure variation, genetic diversity, and selection patterns. Insight into the processes of multiple cycles of “whole-genome duplication and subsequent diploidization”, such as structural variation and its underlying mechanism, patterns and origins of duplicate gene expression changes, the relative contributions of duplicate genes to trait expression, and asymmetrical recombination and selection between B. napus subgenomes and regional “hot” and “cold” spots, will broaden our understanding of B. napus polyploid genetic diversity and benefit breeding method innovation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China

    Shengyi Liu

  2. Plant Breeding Department, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Rod Snowdon

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  1. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China

    Shengyi Liu

  2. Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany

    Rod Snowdon

  3. Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

    Boulos Chalhoub

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Liu, S., Snowdon, R. (2018). Future Prospects for Structural, Functional, and Evolutionary Genomics. In: Liu, S., Snowdon, R., Chalhoub, B. (eds) The Brassica napus Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43694-4_16

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