Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Wilms Tumor

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric Radiation Oncology

Part of the book series: Pediatric Oncology ((PEDIATRICO))

  • 1442 Accesses

Abstract

Renal tumors are the fifth most common cancer in children under 15 years of age and it is estimated that 7.1 per million children are affected, and 500 new cases are reported each year in the United States (Gurney et al. 1995). Wilms tumor is found more often in black than in white children, with a ratio of 1.25:1. Wilms tumor is slightly less frequent in boys than in girls. For unilateral tumors the median age at diagnosis is 41.5 months for boys and 46.9 months for girls. For bilateral tumors, the median age at presentation is 29.5 months for boys and 32.6 months for girls (Breslow et al. 1993).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Argani P, Perlman EJ, Breslow NE, Browning NG, Green DM, D’Angio GJ, Beckwith JB (2000) Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney: a review of 351 cases from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group Pathology Center. Am J Surg Pathol 24:4–18

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beckwith JB (1993) Precursor lesions of Wilms tumor: clinical and biological implications. Med Pediatr Oncol 21:158–168

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beckwith JB, Palmer NF (1978) Histopathology and prognosis of Wilms tumors: results from the First National Wilms’ Tumor study. Cancer 41:1937–1948

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boccon-Gibod L, Rey A, Sandstedt B, Delemarre J, Harms D, Vujanic G, de Kraker J, Weirich A, Tournade MF (2000) Complete necrosis induced by preoperative chemotherapy in Wilms tumor as an indicator of low risk: report of the international society of paediatric oncology (SIOP) nephroblastoma trial and study 9. Med Pediatr Oncol 34:183–190

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonadio JF, Storer B, Norkool P, Farewell VT, Beckwith JB, D’Angio GJ (1985) Anaplastic Wilms’ tumor: clinical and pathologic studies. J Clin Oncol 3:513–520

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breslow N, Olshan A, Beckwith JB, Green DM (1993) Epidemiology of Wilms tumor. Med Pediatr Oncol 21:172–181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breslow N, Sharples K, Beckwith JB, Takashima J, Kelalis PP, Green DM, D’Angio GJ (1991) Prognostic factors in nonmetastatic, favorable histology Wilms’ tumor. Results of the Third National Wilms’ Tumor study. Cancer 68:2345–2353

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breslow NE, Takashima JR, Whitton JA, Moksness J, D’Angio GJ, Green DM (1995) Second malignant neoplasms following treatment for Wilm’s tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor study group. J Clin Oncol 13:1851–1859

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cotton CA, Peterson S, Norkool PA, Takashima J, Grigoriev Y, Green DM, Breslow NE (2009) Early and late mortality after diagnosis of Wilms tumor. J Clin Oncol 27:1304–1309

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • D’Angio GJ, Breslow N, Beckwith JB, Evans A, Baum H, Delorimier A, Fernbach D, Hrabovsky E, Jones B, Kelalis P et al (1989) Treatment of Wilms’ tumor. Results of the third National Wilms’ Tumor study. Cancer 64:349–360

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Angio GJ, Evans A, Breslow N, Beckwith B, Bishop H, Farewell V, Goodwin W, Leape L, Palmer N, Sinks L, Sutow W, Tefft M, Wolff J (1981) The treatment of Wilms’ tumor: results of the second National Wilms’ Tumor study. Cancer 47:2302–2311

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Angio GJ, Evans AE, Breslow N, Beckwith B, Bishop H, Feigl P, Goodwin W, Leape LL, Sinks LF, Sutow W, Tefft M, Wolff J (1976) The treatment of Wilms’ tumor: results of the national Wilms’ tumor study. Cancer 38:633–646

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Angio GJ, Tefft M, Breslow N, Meyer JA (1978) Radiation therapy of Wilms’ tumor: results according to dose, field, post-operative timing and histology. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 4:769–780

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daw NC, Anderson JR, Hoffer FA et al (2014) A phase 2 study of vincristine and irinotecan in metastatic diffuse anaplastic Wilms tumor: results from the Children’s Oncology Group AENO321 study. J Clin Oncol 32(15 suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • De Kraker J (1997) Commentary on Wilms’ tumor. Eur J Cancer 33:419–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Kraker J, Graf N, van Tinteren H, Pein F, Sandstedt B, Godzinski J, Tournade MF, SIOP (2004) Reduction of postoperative chemotherapy in children with stage I intermediate-risk and anaplastic Wilms’ tumour (SIOP 93-01 trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 364:1229–1235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dix DB, Fernandez CV, Chi YY et al (2015a) Augmentation of therapy for favorable-histology Wilms tumor with combined loss of heterozygosity of chromosomes 1p and 16q: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0533 study. J Clin Oncol 33(15 suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dix DB, Fernandez CV, Chi YYEA (2014) Treatment of stage IV favorable-histology Wilms tumor with incomplete lung metastasis response after chemotherapy: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0533 study. J Clin Oncol 32(15 suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dix DB, Gratias EJ, Seibel NL et al (2015b) Omission of lung radiation in patients with stage IV favorable histology Wilms tumor showing complete long nodule response after chemotherapy: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0533 study. J Clin Oncol 33(15 suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dome JS, Coppes MJ (2002) Recent advances in Wilms tumor genetics. Curr Opin Pediatr 14:5–11

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dome JS, Cotton CA, Perlman EJ, Breslow NE, Kalapurakal JA, Ritchey ML, Grundy PE, Malogolowkin M, Beckwith JB, Shamberger RC, Haase GM, Coppes MJ, Coccia P, Kletzel M, Weetman RM, Donaldson M, Macklis RM, Green DM (2006) Treatment of anaplastic histology Wilms’ tumor: results from the fifth National Wilms’ Tumor Study. J Clin Oncol 24:2352–2358

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farewell VT, D’Angio GJ, Breslow N, Norkool P (1981) Retrospective validation of a new staging system for Wilms’ tumor. Cancer Clin Trials 4:167–171

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faria P, Beckwith JB, Mishra K, Zuppan C, Weeks DA, Breslow N, Green DM (1996) Focal versus diffuse anaplasia in Wilms tumor—new definitions with prognostic significance: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. Am J Surg Pathol 20:909–920

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez CV, Mullen EA, Ehrlich PA et al (2015b) Outcome and prognostic factors in stage III favorable histology Wilms tumor: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0532 study. J Clin Oncol 33(15 suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez CV, Perlman D, Mullen EA et al (2015a) Clinical outcome and biological predictors of relapse following nephrectomy only for very low risk Wilms tumor (VLRWT): a report from the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0532 study. J Clin Oncol 33(15 suppl)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gratias EJ, Jennings LJ, Anderson JR, Dome JS, Grundy P, Perlman EJ (2013) Gain of 1q is associated with inferior event-free and overall survival in patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Cancer 119:3887–3894

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Green D (1985) Diagnosis and management of malidnant solid tumors in infants and children. Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston, MA

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM (2002) Use of chest computed tomography for staging and treatment of Wilms’ tumor in children. J Clin Oncol 20:2763–2764

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Beckwith JB, Breslow NE, Faria P, Moksness J, Finklestein JZ, Grundy P, Thomas PR, Kim T, Shochat S et al (1994a) Treatment of children with stages II to IV anaplastic Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 12:2126–2131

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, Finklestein JZ, Grundy PE, Thomas PR, Kim T, Shochat SJ, Haase GM, Ritchey ML, Kelalis PP, D’Angio GJ (1998) Comparison between single-dose and divided-dose administration of dactinomycin and doxorubicin for patients with Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 16:237–245

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, Moksness J, Finklestein JZ, D’Angio GJ (1994b) Treatment of children with clear-cell sarcoma of the kidney: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 12:2132–2137

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, Ritchey ML, Shamberger RC, Haase GM, D’Angio GJ, Perlman E, Donaldson M, Grundy PE, Weetman R, Coppes MJ, Malogolowkin M, Shearer P, Coccia P, Kletzel M, Thomas PR, Macklis R, Tomlinson G, Huff V, Newbury R, Weeks D (2001b) Treatment with nephrectomy only for small, stage I/favorable histology Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 19:3719–3724

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Cotton CA, Malogolowkin M, Breslow NE, Perlman E, Miser J, Ritchey ML, Thomas PR, Grundy PE, D’Angio GJ, Beckwith JB, Shamberger RC, Haase GM, Donaldson M, Weetman R, Coppes MJ, Shearer P, Coccia P, Kletzel M, Macklis R, Tomlinson G, Huff V, Newbury R, Weeks D (2007) Treatment of Wilms tumor relapsing after initial treatment with vincristine and actinomycin D: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. Pediatr Blood Cancer 48:493–499

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Grigoriev YA, Nan B, Takashima JR, Norkool PA, D’Angio GJ, Breslow NE (2001a) Congestive heart failure after treatment for Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study group. J Clin Oncol 19:1926–1934

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Lange JM, Peabody EM, Grigorieva NN, Peterson SM, Kalapurakal JA, Breslow NE (2010) Pregnancy outcome after treatment for Wilms tumor: a report from the national Wilms tumor long-term follow-up study. J Clin Oncol 28:2824–2830

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grundy P, Breslow N, Green DM, Sharples K, Evans A, D’Angio GJ (1989) Prognostic factors for children with recurrent Wilms’ tumor: results from the Second and Third National Wilms’ Tumor Study. J Clin Oncol 7:638–647

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grundy PE, Breslow NE, Li S, Perlman E, Beckwith JB, Ritchey ML, Shamberger RC, Haase GM, D’Angio GJ, Donaldson M, Coppes MJ, Malogolowkin M, Shearer P, Thomas PR, Macklis R, Tomlinson G, Huff V, Green DM, National Wilms Tumor Study Group (2005) Loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 1p and 16q is an adverse prognostic factor in favorable-histology Wilms tumor: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 23:7312–7321

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gurney JG, Severson RK, Davis S, Robison LL (1995) Incidence of cancer in children in the United States. Sex-, race-, and 1-year age-specific rates by histologic type. Cancer 75:2186–2195

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gylys-Morin V, Hoffer FA, Kozakewich H, Shamberger RC (1993) Wilms tumor and nephroblastomatosis: imaging characteristics at gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 188:517–521

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jereb B, Burgers JM, Tournade MF, Lemerle J, Bey P, Delemarre J, Habrand JL, Voute PA (1994) Radiotherapy in the SIOP (International Society of Pediatric Oncology) nephroblastoma studies: a review. Med Pediatr Oncol 22:221–227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal J, Gopalakrishnan M, Walterhouse D (2014) Feasibility of cardiac-sparing whole lung IMRT in children with lung metastases: a prospective multi-institutional Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 90:S250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal JA, Li SM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, Macklis R, Thomas PR, D’Angio GJ, Kim T, de Lorimier A, Kelalis P, Shochat S, Ritchey M, Haase G, Hrabovsky E, Otherson HB, Grundy P, Green DM, National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group (2003) Influence of radiation therapy delay on abdominal tumor recurrence in patients with favorable histology Wilms’ tumor treated on NWTS-3 and NWTS-4: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 57:495–499

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal JA, Li SM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, Ritchey ML, Shamberger RC, Haase GM, Thomas PR, Grundy P, Green DM, D’Angio GJ (2010) Intraoperative spillage of favorable histology wilms tumor cells: influence of irradiation and chemotherapy regimens on abdominal recurrence. A report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 76:201–206

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal JA, Perlman EJ, Seibel NL, Ritchey M, Dome JS, Grundy PE (2013a) Outcomes of patients with revised stage I clear cell sarcoma of kidney treated in National Wilms Tumor Studies 1-5. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 85:428–431

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal JA, Peterson S, Peabody EM, Thomas PR, Green DM, D’Angio GJ, Breslow NE (2004) Pregnancy outcomes after abdominal irradiation that included or excluded the pelvis in childhood Wilms tumor survivors: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:1364–1368

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal JA, Pokhrel D, Gopalakrishnan M, Zhang Y (2013b) Advantages of whole-liver intensity modulated radiation therapy in children with Wilms tumor and liver metastasis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 85:754–760

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalapurakal JA, Zhang Y, Kepka A, Zawislak B, Sathiaseelan V, Rigsby C, Gopalakrishnan M (2013c) Cardiac-sparing whole lung IMRT in children with lung metastasis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 85:761–767

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koufos A, Grundy P, Morgan K, Aleck KA, Hadro T, Lampkin BC, Kalbakji A, Cavenee WK (1989) Familial Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome and a second Wilms tumor locus both map to 11p15.5. Am J Hum Genet 44:711–719

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lemerle J, Voute PA, Tournade MF, Delemarre JF, Jereb B, Ahstrom L, Flamant R, Gerard-Marchant R (1976) Preoperative versus postoperative radiotherapy, single versus multiple courses of actinomycin D, in the treatment of Wilms’ tumor. Preliminary results of a controlled clinical trial conducted by the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (S.I.O.P.) Cancer 38:647–654

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lemerle J, Voute PA, Tournade MF, Rodary C, Delemarre JF, Sarrazin D, Burgers JM, Sandstedt B, Mildenberger H, Carli M et al (1983) Effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy in Wilms’ tumor: results of an International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 1:604–609

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Little MH, Williamson KA, Mannens M, Kelsey A, Gosden C, Hastie ND, van Heyningen V (1993) Evidence that WT1 mutations in Denys-Drash syndrome patients may act in a dominant-negative fashion. Hum Mol Genet 2:259–264

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maas MH, Cransberg K, van Grotel M, Pieters R, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM (2007) Renin-induced hypertension in Wilms tumor patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 48:500–503

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malogolowkin M, Cotton CA, Green DM, Breslow NE, Perlman E, Miser J, Ritchey ML, Thomas PR, Grundy PE, D’Angio GJ, Beckwith JB, Shamberger RC, Haase GM, Donaldson M, Weetman R, Coppes MJ, Shearer P, Coccia P, Kletzel M, Macklis R, Tomlinson G, Huff V, Newbury R, Weeks D, National Wilms Tumor Study Group (2008) Treatment of Wilms tumor relapsing after initial treatment with vincristine, actinomycin D, and doxorubicin. A report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. Pediatr Blood Cancer 50:236–241

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marsden HB, Lawler W, Kumar PM (1978) Bone metastasizing renal tumor of childhood: morphological and clinical features, and differences from Wilms’ tumor. Cancer 42:1922–1928

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meisel JA, Guthrie KA, Breslow NE, Donaldson SS, Green DM (1999) Significance and management of computed tomography detected pulmonary nodules: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 44:579–585

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ora I, van Tinteren H, Bergeron C, de Kraker J, Committee SNS (2007) Progression of localised Wilms’ tumour during preoperative chemotherapy is an independent prognostic factor: a report from the SIOP 93-01 nephroblastoma trial and study. Eur J Cancer 43:131–136

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paulino AC, Wen BC, Brown CK, Tannous R, Mayr NA, Zhen WK, Weidner GJ, Hussey DH (2000) Late effects in children treated with radiation therapy for Wilms’ tumor. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 46:1239–1246

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pein F, Sakiroglu O, Dahan M, Lebidois J, Merlet P, Shamsaldin A, Villain E, de Vathaire F, Sidi D, Hartmann O (2004) Cardiac abnormalities 15 years and more after adriamycin therapy in 229 childhood survivors of a solid tumour at the Institut Gustave Roussy. Br J Cancer 91:37–44

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard-Jones K, Bergeron C, de Camargo B, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Acha T, Godzinski J, Oldenburger F, Boccon-Gibod L, Leuschner I, Vujanic G, Sandstedt B, de Kraker J, van Tinteren H, Graf N, SIOP Renal Tumours Study Group (2015) Omission of doxorubicin from the treatment of stage II-III, intermediate-risk Wilms’ tumour (SIOP WT 2001): an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 386:1156–1164

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard J, Imeson J, Barnes J, Cotterill S, Gough D, Marsden HB, Morris-Jones P, Pearson D (1995) Results of the United Kingdom Children’s Cancer Study group first Wilms’ Tumor Study. J Clin Oncol 13:124–133

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Riccardi V, Hittner H, Francke U, Yunis J, Ledbetter D, Borges W (1980) The aniridia-Willms’ tumor association: the critical role of chromosome band 11p13. J Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2:131–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchey ML, Green DM, Thomas PR, Smith GR, Haase G, Shochat S, Moksness J, Breslow NE (1996) Renal failure in Wilms’ tumor patients: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. Med Pediatr Oncol 26:75–80

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rivera MN, Kim WJ, Wells J, Driscoll DR, Brannigan BW, Han M, Kim JC, Feinberg AP, Gerald WL, Vargas SO, Chin L, Iafrate AJ, Bell DW, Haber DA (2007) An X chromosome gene, WTX, is commonly inactivated in Wilms tumor. Science 315:642–645

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seibel NL, Li S, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB, Green DM, Haase GM, Ritchey ML, Thomas PR, Grundy PE, Finklestein JZ, Kim T, Shochat SJ, Kelalis PP, D’Angio GJ (2004) Effect of duration of treatment on treatment outcome for patients with clear-cell sarcoma of the kidney: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 22:468–473

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shamberger RC, Anderson JR, Breslow NE, Perlman EJ, Beckwith JB, Ritchey ML, Haase GM, Donaldson M, Grundy PE, Weetman R, Coppes MJ, Malogolowkin M, Shearer PD, Kletzel M, Thomas PR, Macklis R, Huff V, Weeks DA, Green DM (2010) Long-term outcomes for infants with very low risk Wilms tumor treated with surgery alone in National Wilms Tumor Study-5. Ann Surg 251:555–558

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shamberger RC, Guthrie KA, Ritchey ML, Haase GM, Takashima J, Beckwith JB, D’Angio GJ, Green DM, Breslow NE (1999) Surgery-related factors and local recurrence of Wilms tumor in National Wilms Tumor Study 4. Ann Surg 229:292–297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas PR, Griffith KD, Fineberg BB, Perez CA, Land VJ (1983) Late effects of treatment for Wilms’ tumor. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 9:651–657

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas PR, Tefft M, Compaan PJ, Norkool P, Breslow NE, D’Angio GJ (1991) Results of two radiation therapy randomizations in the third National Wilms’ Tumor Study. Cancer 68:1703–1707

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas PR, Tefft M, Farewell VT, Norkool P, Storer B, D’Angio GJ (1984) Abdominal relapses in irradiated second National Wilms’ Tumor Study patients. J Clin Oncol 2:1098–1101

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tournade MF, Com-Nougue C, de Kraker J, Ludwig R, Rey A, Burgers JM, Sandstedt B, Godzinski J, Carli M, Potter R, Zucker JM, International Society of Pediatric Oncology Nephroblastoma Trial and Study Committee (2001) Optimal duration of preoperative therapy in unilateral and nonmetastatic Wilms’ tumor in children older than 6 months: results of the Ninth International Society of Pediatric Oncology Wilms’ Tumor Trial and Study. J Clin Oncol 19:488–500

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tournade MF, Com-Nougue C, Voute PA, Lemerle J, de Kraker J, Delemarre JF, Burgers M, Habrand JL, Moorman CG, Burger D et al (1993) Results of the sixth International Society of Pediatric Oncology Wilms’ Tumor Trial and Study: a risk-adapted therapeutic approach in Wilms’ tumor. J Clin Oncol 11:1014–1023

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tukenova M, Guibout C, Oberlin O, Doyon F, Mousannif A, Haddy N, Guerin S, Pacquement H, Aouba A, Hawkins M, Winter D, Bourhis J, Lefkopoulos D, Diallo I, de Vathaire F (2010) Role of cancer treatment in long-term overall and cardiovascular mortality after childhood cancer. J Clin Oncol 28:1308–1315

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, van Tinteren H, Bergeron C, Coulomb-L’Hermine A, de Camargo B, Leuschner I, Sandstedt B, Acha T, Godzinski J, Oldenburger F, Gooskens SL, de Kraker J, Vujanic GM, Pritchard-Jones K, Graf N (2015) Outcome of localised blastemal-type Wilms tumour patients treated according to intensified treatment in the SIOP WT 2001 protocol, a report of the SIOP Renal Tumour Study Group (SIOP-RTSG). Eur J Cancer 51:498–506

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vujanic GM, Harms D, Bohoslavsky R, Leuschner I, de Kraker J, Sandstedt B (2009) Nonviable tumor tissue should not upstage Wilms’ tumor from stage I to stage II: a report from the SIOP 93-01 nephroblastoma trial and study. Pediatr Dev Pathol 12:111–115

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weeks DA, Beckwith JB, Luckey DW (1987) Relapse-associated variables in stage I favorable histology Wilms’ tumor. A report of the National Wilms’ Tumor Study. Cancer 60:1204–1212

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weirich A, Leuschner I, Harms D, Vujanic GM, Troger J, Abel U, Graf N, Schmidt D, Ludwig R, Voute PA (2001) Clinical impact of histologic subtypes in localized non-anaplastic nephroblastoma treated according to the trial and study SIOP-9/GPOH. Ann Oncol 12:311–319

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 25i East Huron Street, Suite #L178, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    John A. Kalapurakal M.D., F.A.C.R.

Authors
  1. John A. Kalapurakal M.D., F.A.C.R.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John A. Kalapurakal M.D., F.A.C.R. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

    Thomas E. Merchant

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    Rolf-Dieter Kortmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kalapurakal, J.A. (2018). Wilms Tumor. In: Merchant, T., Kortmann, RD. (eds) Pediatric Radiation Oncology. Pediatric Oncology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43545-9_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43545-9_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43544-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43545-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation