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Cardiac Management in the Frail Elderly Patient and the Oldest Old pp 105–111Cite as

New Challenges in Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly: From Epidemiology to TAVI

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Abstract

There are three principal causes of valvular aortic stenosis (AS): congenital, rheumatic, and degenerative. While congenital AS clinically manifests at younger ages and rheumatic AS dwindled in importance with the decline in rheumatic fever, age-related degenerative calcific AS is now the most common cause of valvular AS in adults [1]. Degenerative calcific AS is the result of a progressive calcification of the aortic valves based on a process of inflammation, lipid accumulation, and calcification. This dynamic process resembles the process of atherosclerosis in many regards. Some clinical risk factors of atherosclerosis have also been identified as risk factors of calcific AS, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and diabetes [2]. Degenerative calcific AS occurs in patients with congenitally normal tricuspid aortic valves, but a congenitally bicuspid aortic valve seems to be an important additional risk factor of degenerative calcific AS development [1, 3].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Department of Geriatrics, Bern University Hospital, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Andreas W. Schoenenberger MD

  2. Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Europea y Universidad Complutense, Calle Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Martínez-Sellés

Authors
  1. Andreas W. Schoenenberger MD
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  2. Manuel Martínez-Sellés
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Correspondence to Andreas W. Schoenenberger MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hypertension Centre - Syncope Unit, Geriatrics Intensive Care Unit University of Florence and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Andrea Ungar

  2. Professor of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics University of Florence Director, Cardiothoracovascular Department Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Niccolò Marchionni

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Schoenenberger, A.W., Martínez-Sellés, M. (2017). New Challenges in Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly: From Epidemiology to TAVI. In: Ungar, A., Marchionni, N. (eds) Cardiac Management in the Frail Elderly Patient and the Oldest Old. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43468-1_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43468-1_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43466-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43468-1

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