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Pediatric Neurogastroenterology pp 83–92Cite as

Esophageal Manometry

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Abstract

Esophageal manometry has been considered the “gold standard” test for the evaluation of esophageal motor function. At present, abnormal motor activity as measured by “conventional manometry” is defined in terms of a few basic patterns: incomplete sphincter relaxation, esophageal spasm, hypertensive contractions, and loss of tone and motility. Only achalasia and severe diffuse esophageal spasm are specific disorders with manometric abnormalities that are absent in healthy subjects. Other esophageal motility disorders are poorly defined, often include “abnormalities” that can be found in symptom-free individuals as well, and are inconsistent over time. High-resolution manometry (HRM) was developed to increase interpretative consistency and diagnostic accuracy of esophageal manometry. One of the most important advantages of HRM is that it makes diagnostic esophageal manometry easier and quicker to perform. HRM has been shown to increase diagnostic accuracy. Recently, Goldani et al. have illustrated the use of HRM in a pediatric age group while using a standardized protocol and analytical method. Despite the inherent limitations of the pediatric population, the authors introduced a new protocol in un-sedated children in the context of a clinical setting, moving from research into clinical application. The introduction of esophageal pressure topography (EPT) led to new metrics and parameters of HRM and to a modification of the classification scheme, which was originally developed for conventional manometry measurements. In 2008, the first official classification system for EPT was made, the Chicago classification (CC), updated in 2015. However, pediatric normative ranges for EPT metrics and some metrics are lacking.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Pediatrics, Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

    Rossella Turco M.D.

  2. Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II” Italy, via Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy

    Annamaria Staiano M.D.

Authors
  1. Rossella Turco M.D.
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  2. Annamaria Staiano M.D.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Christophe Faure

  2. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom

    Nikhil Thapar

  3. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology, and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Carlo Di Lorenzo

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Turco, R., Staiano, A. (2017). Esophageal Manometry. In: Faure, C., Thapar, N., Di Lorenzo, C. (eds) Pediatric Neurogastroenterology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43268-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43268-7_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43266-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43268-7

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