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Development of the Enteric Neuromuscular System

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Pediatric Neurogastroenterology

Abstract

In order for the gut to perform essential functions, including moving contents along its length via the organised movement of peristalsis, as well as absorption of water and electrolytes, secretion from glands and regulation of blood flow, the integrated function of multiple tissues and cell types must occur. The mature, functioning neuromuscular system of the gut is comprised of smooth muscle cells, neurons and glial cells of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs). These diverse components arise from distinct sources during development and must, during the course of embryogenesis, acquire appropriate integration to enable a functioning neuromuscular system to commence coordinated activity around birth. Here, we utilise information gleaned from studies in animal models such as mouse, chick, guinea pig, and zebrafish, as well as human studies, to describe the development of each constituent part of the neuromuscular system as well as to outline how these component parts become integrated into a functioning whole. Moreover, our discussions touch on diseases affecting development of the enteric neuromuscular system, notably Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR), one of the most common gut motility disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, UK

    Tiffany A. Heanue Ph.D.

  2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK

    Alan J. Burns Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Tiffany A. Heanue Ph.D.
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  2. Alan J. Burns Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Alan J. Burns Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Christophe Faure

  2. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom

    Nikhil Thapar

  3. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology, and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Carlo Di Lorenzo

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Heanue, T.A., Burns, A.J. (2017). Development of the Enteric Neuromuscular System. In: Faure, C., Thapar, N., Di Lorenzo, C. (eds) Pediatric Neurogastroenterology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43268-7_2

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