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Principles of Radiation Oncology

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Book cover Brain Tumors in Children

Abstract

Radiation therapy plays an important role in the management of pediatric brain tumors. Despite advances in the fields of pediatric and medical oncology and neurosurgery, radiation is still a necessary treatment for local control and cure for most central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Brain tumors, a heterogeneous group of diseases, together represent the most common disease site encountered by radiation oncologists. The eloquent areas from which these tumors arise makes the balance between the risks of life-altering side effects of radiation and the likelihood of local control and/or cure a difficult one to strike. While often we consider the main goal of our treatment to be cure, we must keep in mind the additional goal of allowing these children to grow and continue to live meaningful lives without a significant burden of major medical complications resulting from treatment. Technical and biological advances have enabled radiation oncologists to decrease the amount of healthy, uninvolved brain tissue and nearby organs that receive radiation. Trials that combine radiation with chemotherapy have allowed for a decrease in the dose and/or volume of radiation for some pediatric brain tumors. Neurosurgical advances have allowed for avoidance of radiation for selected tumors. In addition, advances in neuroradiology have led to better visualization of tumors and CNS structures. Advances in treatment planning software and the development of new radiation modalities have allowed for improvements in dose delivery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Shannon M. MacDonald

  2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Shannon M. MacDonald

  3. Therapeutic Radiology and Experimental Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Ranjit S. Bindra

  4. Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Roshan Sethi

  5. Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Matthew Ladra

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  1. Shannon M. MacDonald
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  2. Ranjit S. Bindra
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  3. Roshan Sethi
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  4. Matthew Ladra
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Correspondence to Shannon M. MacDonald .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA

    Amar Gajjar

  2. Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Silver Spring, WA, USA

    Gregory H. Reaman

  3. Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Judy M. Racadio

  4. Medpace, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Franklin O. Smith

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MacDonald, S.M., Bindra, R.S., Sethi, R., Ladra, M. (2018). Principles of Radiation Oncology. In: Gajjar, A., Reaman, G., Racadio, J., Smith, F. (eds) Brain Tumors in Children. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43205-2_3

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