Skip to main content

Rural Language and Literacy Connections: An Integrated Approach to Supporting Low-Income Preschool Children’s Language and Literacy Development

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Rural Education Research in the United States

Abstract

High-quality preschool programs that promote early literacy through oral language, phonological awareness, print and word awareness, and alphabet knowledge prepare children to be more successful in kindergarten and more effective readers. Additionally, interventions that connect home and school literacy environments and create literacy-rich home environments are associated with children’s positive academic outcomes. Integrated programming to support early literacy skills at home and school is important because children’s skill levels and readiness at the time they enter school are strongly related to later school success. Few early childhood programs effectively integrate supports across home and preschool settings. This chapter will describe Rural Language and Literacy Connections, an ecologically-based early language and literacy intervention for rural, low-income preschool children and their families that integrates preschool classroom instruction with family and environmental supports. The intervention includes the implementation of scientifically-based literacy curricula and as well as enriched literacy environments in rural preschools, child care settings, and children’s homes through the provision of supplemental literacy-based opportunities. Details of the intervention, including professional development supports for early childhood teachers, as well as language and literacy outcomes for children will be discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Arnold, D. H., Lonigan, C. J., Whitehurst, G. J., & Epstein, J. N. (1994). Accelerating language development through picture book reading: Replication and extension to a videotape training format. Journal of Educational Psychology, 86, 235–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, W. S., & Belfield, C. R. (2006). Early childhood development and social mobility. Future of Children, 16(2), 73–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, W. S., Lamy, C., & Jung, K. (2005). The effects of state prekindergarten programs on young children’s school readiness in five states. Brunswick: National Institute for Early Education Research, Rutgers University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barone, D. (2011). Welcoming families: A parent literacy project in a linguistically rich, high-poverty school. Early Childhood Education Journal, 38, 377–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beals, D. E. (2001). Eating and reading: Links between family conversations with preschoolers and later language and literacy. In D. K. Dickinson & P. O. Tabors (Eds.), Beginning literacy with language: Young children learning at home and school (pp. 75–92). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christenson, S. L., & Carlson, C. (2005). Evidence-based parent and family intervention in school psychology: State of scientifically-based practice. School Psychology Quarterly, 20, 525–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, A. E., & Stanovich, K. E. (1998). Early reading acquisition and its relation to reading experience and ability 10 years later. Developmental Psychology, 33(6), 934–945.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeTemple, J. (2001). Parents and children reading books together. In D. K. Dickinson & P. O. Tabors (Eds.), Beginning literacy with language: Young children learning at home and in school (pp. 31–51). Baltimore: Brookes Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D. K. (2001). Putting the pieces together: The impact of preschool on children’s language and literacy development in kindergarten. In D. K. Dickinson & P. O. Tabors (Eds.), Beginning literacy with language: Young children learning at home and school. Baltimore: Brookes Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D. K., McCabe, A., Anastasopoulos, L., Peisner-Feinberg, E., & Poe, M. D. (2003). The comprehensive language approach to early literacy: The interrelationships among vocabulary, phonological sensitivity, and print knowledge among pre-school-aged children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95, 465–481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D. K., & Neuman, S. B. (2006). Introduction. In D. K. Dickinson & S. B. Neuman (Eds.), Handbook of early literacy research (2nd ed., pp. 1–8). New York: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Echols, L. D., West, R. F., Stanovich, K. E., & Zehr, K. S. (1996). Using children’s literacy activities to predict growth in verbal cognitive skills: A longitudinal investigation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88(2), 296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Espinosa, L. (2002). High-quality preschool: Why we need it and what it looks like. Preschool policy matters, 1. New Brunswick, NJ: NIEER. Available at http://nieer.org/resources/policybriefs/1.pdf

  • Farran, D. C., Aydogan, C., Kang, S. J., & Lipsey, M. W. (2006). Preschool classroom environments and the quantity and quality of children’s literacy and language behaviors. Handbook of early literacy research, 2, 257–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrett-Peters, P., & Mills-Koonce, R. (2013). The description of the families and children. In L. Vernon-Feagans, M. Cox, & The FLP Key Investigators (Eds.), The family life project: An epidemiological and developmental study of young children living in poor rural communities. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 78, 36–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez, J. E., & Uhing, B. M. (2008). Home literacy environments and young Hispanic children’s English and Spanish oral language: A communality analysis. Journal of Early Intervention, 30, 116–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grace, C., Shores, E. F., Zaslow, M., Brown, B., Aufseeser, D., & Bell, L. (2006). Rural disparities in baseline data of the early childhood longitudinal study: A chartbook (Rural Early Childhood Report No. 3). Mississippi State, MS: National Center for Rural Early Childhood Learning Initiatives, MS State University Early Childhood Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harms, T., Clifford, R., & Cryer, D. (1998). Early childhood environment rating scale (Revised edition). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1999). The social world of children: Learning to talk. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckman, J. J., & Masterov, D. V. (2007). The productivity argument for investing in your children. Review of Agricultural Economics, 29, 446–493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, N. E. (2001). Parenting and academic socialization as they relate to school readiness: The role of ethnicity and family income. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 686–697.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hindman, A. H., & Wasik, B. A. (2008). Preschool teacher language and literacy beliefs questionnaire. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 23, 479–492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hulsey, L. K., Aikens, N., Kopack, A., West, J., Moiduddin, E., & Tarullo, L. (2011). Head start children, families, and programs: Present and past data from FACES. OPRE Report 2011-33a. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, G. E., Snow, C. E., & Porche, M. V. (2000). Project EASE: The effect of a family literacy project on kindergarten students’ early literacy skills. Reading Research Quarterly, 35, 524–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Juel, C. (1988). Learning to read and write: A longitudinal study of 54 children from first through fourth grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80, 437–447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Justice, L. M., & Ezell, H. K. (2002). Use of storybook reading to increase print awareness in at-risk children. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 11, 17–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirsch, I. S., Jungeblut, A., Jenkins, L, & Kolstad, A. (1993). Adult literacy in America: A first look at the results of the National Adult Literacy Survey. Washington, DC: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education, NCES 93275, September 1993. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=93275

  • Knoche, L. L., Kupzyk, K. A., & Plata-Potter, S. I. (2011a). Sustained effects of an ecologically-based preschool intervention on the early language and literacy development of dual-language learners in a rural community. Paper presented at the Society for Prevention Research Conference, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knoche, L. L., Plata-Potter, S. I., Raikes, H. H., & Kupzyk, K. A. (2011b). Findings from Rural Language and Literacy Connections: An integrated approach to supporting low-income preschool children’s language and literacy development. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Montreal, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurdek, L. A., & Sinclair, R. J. (2000). Psychological, family, and peer predictors of academic outcomes in first-through fifth-grade children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(3), 449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • La Paro, K. M., & Pianta, R. C. (2000). Predicting children’s competence in the early school years: A meta-analytic review. Review of Educational Research, 70(4), 443–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lonigan, C. J., & Whitehurst, G. J. (1998). Relative efficacy of parent and teacher involvement in a shared-reading intervention for preschool children from low-income backgrounds. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 13, 263–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lonigan, C. J., Anthony, J. L., Bloomfield, B. G., Dryer, S. M., & Samwel, C. S. (1999). Effects of two shared-reading interventions on emergent literacy skills of at-risk preschoolers. Journal of Early Intervention, 22, 306–322.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (2013). Early academic skills and childhood experiences across the urban-rural continuum. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28, 234–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2000). Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction (NIH Publication No. 00-4769). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Early Literacy Panel. (2008). Developing early literacy: Report of the National Early Literacy Panel. Washington, D.C: National Institute for Literacy. Retrieved from http://www.nifl.gov/earlychildhood/NELP/NELPreport.html

  • Neuman, S. B., & Gallagher, P. (1994). Joining together in literacy learning: Teenage mothers and children. Reading Research Quarterly, 29, 383–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nye, C., Turner, H. M., & Schwartz, J. B. (2006). Approaches to parental involvement for improving the academic performance of elementary school children in grades K–6. London: The Campbell Collaboration. Available at http://campbellcollaboration.org/docpdf/Nye_PI_Review.pdf

  • Osborn, A. Q., Raikes, H., & Knoche, L. L. (2010, June). Benefits of an early literacy preschool intervention: Follow-up findings in kindergarten. Poster presented at the Head Start Tenth National Research Conference, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearson Early Learning. (2006). Read together, talk together. Retrieved from http://www.pearsonearlylearning.com

  • Pianta, R. C., & McCoy, S. J. (1997). The first day of school: The predictive validity of early school screening. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 18(1), 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinto, A., Pessanha, M., & Aguiar, C. (2013). Effects of home environment and center-based child care quality on children’s language, communication, and literacy outcomes. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28, 94–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, A. J. (1998). The Chicago Child-Parent Center and Expansion Program: A study of extended early childhood intervention social programs that work (pp. 110–147). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rimm-Kaufman, S. E., & Pianta, R. C. (2000). An ecological perspective on the transition to kindergarten: A theoretical framework to guide empirical research. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 21, 491–511.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schickedanz, J. A., Dickinson, D. K., & Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools. (2005). Opening the world of learning: A comprehensive early literacy program. Parsippany, NJ: Pearson Early Learning.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sénéchal, M., LeFevre, J., Hudson, E., & Lawson, P. (1996). Knowledge of storybooks as a predictor of young children’s vocabulary. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 520–536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, L. (2010). Child care in rural areas: Top challenges. Arlington, VA: National Association of Child Care Resource and Referral Agencies. Retrieved from http://www.naccrra.org/sites/default/files/default_site_pages/2012/rural_top_concerns_070910.pdf

  • Smith, M., Patterson, K., & Doggett, L. (2008). Meeting the challenge of rural Pre-K. Retrieved from www.preknow.org

  • Snow, C. E., Tabors, P. O., & Dickinson, D. K. (2001). Language development in the preschool years. In D. K. Dickinson & P. O. Tabors (Eds.), Beginning literacy with language (pp. 1–25). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanovich, K. E. (1986). Matthew effects in reading: Some consequences of individual differences in the acquisition of literacy. Reading Research Quarterly, 360–407.

    Google Scholar 

  • Storch, S. A., & Whitehurst, G. J. (2001). The role of family and home in the literacy development of children from low-income backgrounds. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2001(92), 53–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabors, P. O., Snow, C. E., & Dickinson, D. K. (2001). Homes and schools together: Supporting language and literacy development. In D. K. Dickinson & P. O. Tabors (Eds.), Beginning literacy with language: Young children learning at home and school. Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taverne, A., & Sheridan, S. M. (1995). Parent training in interactive book reading: An investigation of its effects with families at-risk. School Psychology Quarterly, 10, 41–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, B. M., & Pearson, P. D. (2004). Research on learning to read-at school, at home, and in the community. Elementary School Journal., 105(2), 168–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. (2014). Rural poverty and well-being. Poverty overview. Retrieved from http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/rural-economy-population/rural-poverty-well-being/poverty-overview.aspx#.U4YGEvldV8E

  • Vernon-Feagans, L., Gallagher, K., & Kainz, K. (2008). The transition to school in rural America: A focus on literacy. In J. Meece & J. Eccles (Eds.), Handbook of research on schools, schooling, and human development. New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor, & Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wasik, B. A., & Bond, M. A. (2001). Beyond the pages of a book: Interactive book reading and language development in preschool classrooms. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 243–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitehurst, G. J., Arnold, D. H., Epstein, J. N., Angell, A. L., Smith, M., & Fischel, J. E. (1994a). A picture book reading intervention in day care and home for children from low-income families. Developmental Psychology, 30, 679–689.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitehurst, G. J., Epstein, J. N., Angell, A. L., Payne, A. C., Crone, D. A., & Fischel, J. E. (1994b). Outcomes of an emergent literacy intervention in Head Start. Journal of Educational Psychology, 86(4), 542–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitehurst, G. J., & Lonigan, C. J. (1998). Child development and emergent literacy. Child Development, 69, 848–872.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant awarded to Drs. Lisa Knoche and Helen Raikes by US Department of Education. The opinions expressed herein are those of the investigators and do not reflect the funding agencies (GRANT ED S359B070074).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lisa L. Knoche .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Knoche, L.L., Davis, D.L. (2017). Rural Language and Literacy Connections: An Integrated Approach to Supporting Low-Income Preschool Children’s Language and Literacy Development. In: Nugent, G., Kunz, G., Sheridan, S., Glover, T., Knoche, L. (eds) Rural Education Research in the United States. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42940-3_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42940-3_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-42938-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-42940-3

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics