Abstract
Play is ubiquitous in society and dates back to antiquity. From an early age, it engages humans cognitively, physically, affectively, and socially and is now viewed as being central to human development. From birth, infants have an innate interest in exploring what is around them. We rock them, sing to them, and show them pretty objects to engage them. As soon as they are able, we give them toys to cuddle, to touch, and to explore, which they do quite readily on their own, once they are able. As children grow older and begin to move more capably, they run, jump, and skip in self-directed ways. Children’s play is intent and focused and operationalizes learning for them. Children integrate artifacts and events into their lives through their explorations in both individual and social play as they build their perception of the world. In addition to children initiating play, adults take advantage of children’s inclination to learn through play, and guide children’s play to help their development from infancy to adolescence.
Play is often talked about as if it were a relief from serious learning.
But for children play is serious learning. Play is really the work of childhood.
Fred Rogers ~ Mister Rogers Neighborhood
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- 1.
Melanie Klein began her work with children as a psychoanalyst in 1919 in Budapest. She first moved to Berlin and then was invited to work in London (1926) where she became noted for her innovative approach to therapeutic work with young children. http://www.melanie-klein-trust.org.uk/.
- 2.
This is not a complete list of Winnicott’s characteristics of play. I have included only those characteristics that are most useful in this particular discussion. For a complete list see D.W. Winnicott, Playing and Reality (London: Tavistock Publications, 1971). pp. 51–52.
- 3.
A presentation that discusses this concept is available at http://www.gvu.gatech.edu/event/brown-bag-archive/gvu-brown-bag-seminar-krystina-madej (Madej, Imaginative Understanding and Engagement with Game Narratives).
- 4.
Wild Wolves Playing in the Snow, E4C-Channel, You Tube. For further information about this project see www.education4conservation.org.
- 5.
Wolves of the Beyond, http://www.goodreads.com/topic/show/2281268-wolf-behavior.
- 6.
Kids Playing in the Snow. Sesame Street. c 1970s. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjJn5RUBAOA.
- 7.
Play in the Snow. National Geographic. 1945. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96_Iyl3-krs.
References
———. 2016. Interactivity, collaboration, and authoring in social media. New York: Springer.
Winnicott, Donald. 1971. Playing and reality. London: Tavistock Publications.
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Madej, K. (2016). Play. In: Physical Play and Children’s Digital Games. SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42875-8_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42875-8_2
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