Abstract
Fungi play important roles in our daily lives, from the edible ones to those that can provoke severe diseases and even death. There are many fields in which fungi are extensively used and a number of species are economically important. In nanotechnology, they have also been identified as excellent candidates for the production of nanoparticles (NPs), thus presenting a cleaner alternative to produce new materials with a wide range of potential applications in biomedicine and industry. In this respect, several species have demonstrated excellent bioreducing capacity to produce metallic NPs, presenting a number of advantages over other biological systems such as a rapid growth rate, simple nutrient requirements, and easy handling of biomass/cultures. Furthermore, they secrete proteins that are assumed to have enhanced reducing and stabilizing capacity. Metallic NPs have been successfully produced using fungal biomass, cell-free filtrate, fungal extract, and single purified molecules. Recent investigations have also reported the potential applications of NPs produced using fungi; particularly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for their excellent antimicrobial activity. Despite the advances in this field, there is still much work to be done, especially in finding efficient protocols to control shape and size. Also, the use of nonpathogenic fungi will greatly improve the biocompatibility of the produced nanomaterial. In this chapter, the state of the art in fungal biosynthesis of metallic NPs is reviewed.
Keywords
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Part of this work was funded by a SEP-CONACyT grant (CB2011/169154).
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Castro-Longoria, E. (2016). Fungal Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles, a Cleaner Alternative. In: Purchase, D. (eds) Fungal Applications in Sustainable Environmental Biotechnology. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42852-9_13
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