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The Infected Eye pp 197–213Cite as

Anti-infective Therapy for Ocular Infection

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Abstract

Ocular infections must be treated with an appropriate antibiotic in a timely manner. Antibiotics can be administered via different modes of application: topical, intravitreal, subconjunctival, and systemic. Topical agents can be used to treat superficial infections such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, or blepharitis. Intravitreal, subconjunctival, and systemic injections are used for intraocular infections to achieve high concentration at the site. Ocular penetration can be impacted by charge of the drug, corneal epithelium status, drug formulation, drug concentration, and dosage regimen. Tissue toxicity can occur due to antibiotics, preservatives, and modes of administration. Intravitreal, subconjunctival, and intracameral antibiotic injections can cause retinal toxicity, whereas certain systemic antibiotics have been reported with ocular toxicity (oral fluoroquinolones with retinal detachment and linezolid with optic neuropathy). Reaching a balance between therapeutic antibiotic concentrations at the site of infection and avoiding undesired toxicity is the optimal treatment goal when treating ocular infections.

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  1. Department of Pharmacy, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA

    Jihye Kim PharmD, BCPS

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  1. Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Nora V. Laver

  2. Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA

    Charles S. Specht

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Kim, J. (2016). Anti-infective Therapy for Ocular Infection. In: Laver, N., Specht, C. (eds) The Infected Eye. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42840-6_9

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