Abstract
Actinomycetes have been and still are the most promising bacterial source of antibiotic and antifungal substances. It is known that the genetic potential of these microorganisms has been underexplored. Up to date, almost all continents have been subject to bioprospecting for bioactive actinomycetes. Reports on the screening of actinomycetes come mainly from Europe, India, and countries of Africa. In contrast, some biologically rich regions, particularly Patagonia and other regions from South America, have been scarcely explored. Bioprospecting based on the exploration of new environments, such as the deep sea and marine invertebrates, led to the discovery of new and unique bioactive metabolites. Patagonia offers a vast diversity of such potential environments and sources of bioactive strains, including autochthonous marine invertebrates, endemic plants and lichens, wide unoccupied desert areas with high-saline environments exposed to high temperatures, pristine environments, and ancient forests. The latest most successful approaches in bioprospecting for bioactive actinomycetes are reviewed in this chapter, together with a discussion of the available reports on bioprospecting for actinomycetes from Patagonia.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by ANPCyT (Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, PICT 2012-2361). M. S. Vela Gurovic is a research member of the National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina (CONICET).
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Gurovic, M.S.V. (2016). Bioprospecting for Bioactive Actinomycetes from Patagonia. In: Olivera, N., Libkind, D., Donati, E. (eds) Biology and Biotechnology of Patagonian Microorganisms. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42801-7_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42801-7_9
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