Skip to main content

Mind as a Service: Building Socially Intelligent Agents

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems XI (COIN 2015)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9628))

Abstract

The ability to exhibit social behaviour is paramount for agents to be able to engage in meaningful interaction with people. In fact, agents are social beings at the core. That is, agent behaviour is the result of more than just rational, goal-oriented deliberation. This requires novel agent architectures that start from and integrate different socio-cognitive elements such as emotions, social norms and personality. Current agent architectures however, do not support the construction of social agents in a structured, modular and computational- and design-efficient manner. Inspired by service-orientation concepts, in this paper we propose MaaS (Mind as a Service) as a modular architecture for agent systems that enables the composition of different socio-cognitive capabilities into a running system. Depending on the characteristics of the domain, agent’s deliberation will require different social capabilities. We propose to model these capabilities as services, and define a ‘Deliberation Bus’ that enables to design deliberation as a composition of services. This approach allows to define deliberation architectures that are situational and dependent on the available components in order to cope with the complexity of social and physical environments in parallel. We furthermore propose a Service Interface Descriptor language to encapsulate service functionalities in a uniform way.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Such as is advocated e.g. by the Human Brain Project (https://www.humanbrainproject.eu/).

References

  1. Adolphs, R.: Social cognition and the human brain. Trends Cogn. Sci. 3(12), 469–479 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Allen, C., Wallach, W., Smit, I.: Why machine ethics? IEEE Intell. Syst. 21(4), 12–17 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Anderson, J.R., Matessa, M., Lebiere, C.: Act-R: a theory of higher level cognition and its relation to visual attention. Hum.-Comput. Interact. 12(4), 439–462 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Aras, R., Dutech, A.: An investigation into mathematical programming for finite horizon decentralized pomdps. J. Artif. Int. Res. 37(1), 329–396 (2010)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Beheshti, R.: Normative agents for real-world scenarios. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-agent Systems, AAMAS 2014, pp. 1749–1750. International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Richland, SC (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Boyatzis, R.E.: Learning life skills of emotional and social intelligence competencies. In: The Oxford Handbook of Lifelong Learning, p. 91. Oxford University Press (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Breazeal, C.: Social interactions in HRI: the robot view. Trans. Sys. Man Cyber. Part C 34(2), 181–186 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Brooks, R.A.: Cognitive simulators. In: Architectures for Intelligence: The 22nd Carnegie Mellon Symposium on Cognition. Psychology Press (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Butt, A.J., Butt, N.A., Mazhar, A., Khattak, Z., Sheikh, J.A.: The soar of cognitive architectures. In: CTIT 2013, pp. 135–142. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Crawford, S.E., Ostrom, E.: A grammar of institutions. Am. Polit. Sci. Rev. 89(03), 582–600 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dias, J., Mascarenhas, S., Paiva, A.: Fatima modular: towards an agent architecture with a genericappraisal framework. In: WS Standards for Emotion Modeling (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dignum, F., Prada, R., Hofstede, G.J.: From autistic to social agents. In: International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, AAMAS 2014, pp. 1161–1164 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Dragone, M., Jordan, H., Lillis, D., Collier, R.W.: Separation of concerns in hybrid component and agent systems. Int. J. Commun. Netw. Distrib. Syst. 6(2), 176–201 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Erl, T.: SOA: Principles of Service Design, vol. 1. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Fiske, S.T., Taylor, S.E.: Social Cognition: From Brains to Culture. Sage, Thousand Oaks (2013)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  16. Goleman, D.: Social Intelligence: The New Science of Social Relationships. Bantam, New York (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kahneman, D., Miller, D.T.: Norm theory: comparing reality to its alternatives. Psychol. Rev. 93(2), 136 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kaminka, G.A.: Curing robot autism: a challenge. In: International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, AAMAS 2013. IFAAMAS (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Caskurlu, B.: Model driven engineering. In: Butler, M., Petre, L., Sere, K. (eds.) IFM 2002. LNCS, vol. 2335, pp. 286–298. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Laird, J.: The Soar Cognitive Architecture. MIT Press, Cambridge (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Mancini, M., Pelachaud, C.: Dynamic behavior qualifiers for conversational agents. In: Pelachaud, C., Martin, J.-C., André, E., Chollet, G., Karpouzis, K., Pelé, D. (eds.) IVA 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4722, pp. 112–124. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. March, J.G.: Primer on Decision Making: How Decisions Happen. Simon and Schuster, New York (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Minsky, M.: The Society of Mind. Simon & Schuster Inc., New York (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Minsky, M.: The emotion machine: Commonsense thinking, artificial intelligence, and the future of the human mind. Simon and Schuster, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  25. R. C. Moore. Logic and representation, vol. 39. Center for the Study of Language (CSLI), 1995

    Google Scholar 

  26. A. Ortony. The cognitive structure of emotions. Cambridge University Press, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  27. A. Schutz. The phenomenology of the social world. Northwestern University Press, 1967

    Google Scholar 

  28. Shehory, O.M., Sturm, A.: Agent-Oriented Software Engineering: Reflections on Architectures, Methodologies, Languages, and Frameworks. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  29. Silverman, B.G., Johns, M., Cornwell, J., O’Brien, K.: Human behavior models for agents in simulators and games: Part I: enabling science with PMFserv. Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ. 15(2), 139–162 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Turner, J.T., Givigi, S.N., Beaulieu, A.: Implementation of a subsumption based architecture using model-driven development. In: 2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), pp. 331–338. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  31. van Oijen, J., Vanhée, L., Dignum, F.: CIGA: a middleware for intelligent agents in virtual environments. In: Beer, M., Brom, C., Dignum, F., Soo, V.-W. (eds.) AEGS 2011. LNCS, vol. 7471, pp. 22–37. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Wagner, J., Lingenfelser, F., Baur, T., Damian, I., Kistler, F., André, E.: The social signal interpretation framework: multimodal signalprocessing and recognition in real-time. In: 21st ACM Conference on Multimedia, pp. 831–834. ACM (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Weiss, G.: Multiagent Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Wieringa, R., Meyer, J.-J.: Applications of deontic logic in computer science: a concise overview. In: Deontic Logic in Computer Science: Normative System Specification, pp. 17–40. Wiley, New York (1993)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Virginia Dignum .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Dignum, V. (2016). Mind as a Service: Building Socially Intelligent Agents. In: Dignum, V., Noriega, P., Sensoy, M., Sichman, J. (eds) Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems XI. COIN 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9628. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42691-4_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42691-4_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-42690-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-42691-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics