Abstract
This chapter describes the large-scale oceanic circulation and how this influences upwelling systems, natural variability of physical factors shaping marine ecosystems and factors influencing the ecology of coastal upwelling systems including climate variability, climate change, commercial fishing, and various sources of pollution.
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Kämpf, J., Chapman, P. (2016). Large-Scale Setting, Natural Variability and Human Influences. In: Upwelling Systems of the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42524-5_3
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