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Semiconductor-Based Modulators

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Fibre Optic Communication

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Optical Sciences ((SSOS,volume 161))

Abstract

The chapter starts with a comparison of methods to generate digital optical signals: direct laser modulation, electroabsorption and Mach-Zehnder interferometer modulators. Next follows an in-depth treatment of physical effects which are utilized for semiconductor-based modulators (plasma-, Franz-Keldysh-, quantum-confined Stark-, and electro-optic (Pockels) effect), and their exploitation for InP- and GaAs-based modulators with specific emphasis on aspects of high-speed modulator design. Modulator characteristics including eye diagrams obtained for different implementations and various operation conditions illustrate the current state-of-the-art, and the chapter concludes with a section on modulators for higher order modulation formats.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Drs. Ken Tsuzuki and Nobuhiro Kikuchi in the NTT Laboratories, NTT Corporation for their work on the semiconductor modulators and for their fruitful discussions.

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  1. Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi Pref., 980-8577, Japan

    Hiroshi Yasaka

  2. NTT Electronics Corporation, 3-1 Wakamiya, Morinosato, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa Pref., 243-0198, Japan

    Yasuo Shibata

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  1. Hiroshi Yasaka
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  1. Heinrich-Hertz-Institute, Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Herbert Venghaus

  2. Heinrich-Hertz-Institute, Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Norbert Grote

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Yasaka, H., Shibata, Y. (2017). Semiconductor-Based Modulators. In: Venghaus, H., Grote, N. (eds) Fibre Optic Communication. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 161. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42367-8_8

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