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Belowground Defence Strategies in Plants: The Plant–Trichoderma Dialogue

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Belowground Defence Strategies in Plants

Part of the book series: Signaling and Communication in Plants ((SIGCOMM))

Abstract

Trichoderma spp. are cosmopolitan soil fungi that hold great promise as biocontrol organisms. Their biocontrol capacity was initially thought to be based on their direct suppressive effects on plant pathogens, with most strains showing mycoparasitic potential and producing a large variety of enzymes and secondary metabolites. More recently however Trichoderma was also recognized as an opportunistic plant root colonizer that can trigger induced systemic resistance (ISR) in the plant, typically leading to a more rapid and robust systemic activation of defences after pathogen attack. As our understanding of the Trichoderma–plant interaction advances, it is becoming increasingly clear that Trichoderma is initially also perceived by the host plant as a potential invader. Trichoderma thus needs to find a way to deal with the plant defence response, either by avoiding or suppressing it, in order to establish a durable interaction with their host. In this chapter, we cover our current knowledge on the initial dialogue between Trichoderma and its host, including the defence responses mounted by the host plant and how Trichoderma attempts to circumvent it. Next, we describe how the host plant can benefit from this interaction. Trichoderma colonization can indeed prime the host defence, enabling it to react faster and stronger to subsequent pathogen attack. We then conclude with examples of Trichoderma-induced resistance and direct antagonism against different types of soil pathogens and pests.

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Acknowledgments

AMM gratefully acknowledges the support of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118). CV is funded by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (PIOF-GA-2013-625551).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

    Ainhoa Martinez-Medina

  2. Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain

    Maria J. Pozo

  3. Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Bruno P. A. Cammue

  4. Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent, Belgium

    Bruno P. A. Cammue

  5. Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001, Leuven, Belgium

    Christine M. F. Vos

  6. Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Technologie park 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium

    Christine M. F. Vos

  7. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4067, Australia

    Christine M. F. Vos

  8. Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Fortsesteenweg 30A, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium

    Christine M. F. Vos

Authors
  1. Ainhoa Martinez-Medina
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  2. Maria J. Pozo
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  3. Bruno P. A. Cammue
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  4. Christine M. F. Vos
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Correspondence to Christine M. F. Vos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

    Christine M.F. Vos

  2. CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

    Kemal Kazan

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Martinez-Medina, A., Pozo, M.J., Cammue, B.P.A., Vos, C.M.F. (2016). Belowground Defence Strategies in Plants: The Plant–Trichoderma Dialogue. In: Vos, C., Kazan, K. (eds) Belowground Defence Strategies in Plants. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42319-7_13

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