Abstract
The mandibular incisive canal is rarely addressed in textbooks but merits attention since it carries neurovascular structures to the mandibular canines and incisors. The mandibular incisive canal originates from the mandibular canal at the level of the mental foramen, and in fact, it is the continuation of the mandibular canal into the interforaminal region. Surgical damage to the mandibular incisive canal may result in neurosensory disturbances of the mandibular anterior teeth but may even lead to skin paresthesia due to a retrograde “stretching” of the mental nerve.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Literature
Abarca M, van Steenberghe D, Malevez C, de Ridder J, Jacobs R. Neurosensory disturbances after immediate loading of implants in the anterior mandible: an initial questionnaire approach followed by a psychophysical assessment. Clin Oral Investig. 2006;10:269–77.
Al-Ani O, Nambiar P, Ha KO, Ngeow WC. Safe zone for bone harvesting from the interforaminal region of the mandible. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013;24(Suppl A100):115–21.
Apostolakis D, Brown JE. The dimensions of the mandibular incisive canal and its spatial relationship to various anatomical landmarks of the mandible: a study using cone beam computed tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28:117–24.
Bavitz JB, Harn SD, Hansen CA, Lang M. An anatomical study of mental neurovascular bundle-implant relationships. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1993;8:563–7.
Beltran V, Cantin M, Fuentes R, Engelke W. Presencia bilateral del canal incisivo de la mandibula. Una estructura anatomica con relevancia clinica (article in Spanish). Int J Morphol. 2011;29:543–9.
Borges Rosa M, Sotto-Maior BS, Machado V, Franischone CE. Retrospective study of the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve and the incisive canal using cone beam computed tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28:388–92.
Cantekin K, Sekerci AE, Miloglu O, Buyuk SK. Identification of the mandibular landmarks in a pediatric population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2014;19:e136–41.
Cantin M, Beltran V, Fuentes R, Engelke W. Letter to the editor. Implant Dent. 2012;21:358–9.
de Andrade E, Otomo-Corgel J, Pucher J, Ranganath KA, St George N. The intraosseous course of the mandibular incisive nerve in the mandibular symphysis. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2001;21:591–7.
de Souza TE, Silva PA, Pagin O, Centurion BS, Molin SK, de Souza TL. Uncommon trajectory variations of the mandibular canal and of the mandibular incisive canal: case report. Surg Radiol Anat. 2013;35:857–61.
Jacobs R, Mraiwa N, van Steenberghe D, Gijbels F, Quirynen M. Appearance, location, course, and morphology of the mandibular incisive canal: an assessment on spiral CT scan. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2002;31:322–7.
Jacobs R, Mraiwa N, van Steenberghe D, Sanderink G, Quirynen M. Appearance of the mandibular incisive canal on panoramic radiographs. Surg Radiol Anat. 2004;4:329–33.
Jacobs R, Lambrichts I, Liang X, Martens W, Mraiwa N, Adriaensens P, Gelan J. Neurovascularization of the anterior jaw bones revisited using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;103:683–93.
Jalili MR, Esmaeelinejad M, Bayat M, Aghdasi MM. Appearance of anatomical structures of mandible on panoramic radiographs in Iranian population. Acta Odontol Scand. 2012;70:384–9.
Kohavi D, Bar-Ziv J. Atypical incisive nerve: clinical report. Implant Dent. 1996;5:281–3.
Krasny A, Krasny N, Prescher A. Study of inferior dental canal and its contents using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Surg Radiol Anat. 2012a;34:687–93.
Krasny A, Krasny N, Prescher A. Anatomic variations of neural canal structures of the mandible observed by 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2012b;36:150–3.
Kütük N, Demirbas AE, Gönen ZB, Topan C, Kilic E, Etöz OA, Alkan A. Anterior mandibular zone safe for implants. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24:e405–8.
Lee CY, Yanagihara LC, Suzuki JB. Brisk, pulsatile bleeding from the anterior mandibular incisive canal during implant surgery: a case report and use of an active hemostatic matrix to terminate acute bleeding. Implant Dent. 2012;21:368–73.
Liang X, Lambrichts I, Corpas L, Politis C, Vrielinck L, Ma GW, Jacobs R. Neurovascular disturbance associated with implant placement in the anterior mandible and its surgical implications: literature review including report of a case. Chin J Dent Res. 2008;11:56–64.
Makris N, Stamatakis H, Syriopoulos K, Tsiklakis K, van der Stelt PF. Evaluation of the visibility and the course of the mandibular incisive canal and the lingual foramen using cone-beam computed tomography. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010;21:766–71.
Mardinger O, Chaushu G, Arensburg B, Taicher S, Kaffe I. Anatomic and radiologic course of the mandibular incisive canal. Surg Radiol Anat. 2000;22:157–61.
Mraiwa N, Jacobs R, Moerman P, Lambrichts I, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. Presence and course of the incisive canal in the human mandibular interforaminal region: two-dimensional imaging versus anatomical observations. Surg Radiol Anat. 2003a;25:416–23.
Mraiwa N, Jacobs R, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. Clinical assessment and surgical implications of anatomic challenges in the anterior mandible. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2003b;5:219–25.
Obradovic O, Todorovic L, Pesic V, Pejkovic B, Vitanovic V. Morphometric analysis of mandibular canals: clinical aspects. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol. 1993;36:109–13.
Park HD, Min CK, Kwak HH, Youn KH, Choi SH, Kim HJ. Topography of the outer mandibular symphyseal region with reference to the autogenous bone graft. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;33:781–5.
Parnia F, Moslehifard E, Hafezeqoran A, Mahboub F, Mojaver-Kahnamoui H. Characteristics of anatomical landmarks in the mandibular interforaminal region: a cone-beam computed tomography study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17:e420–5.
Pires CA, Bissada NF, Becker JJ, Kanawati A, Landers MA. Mandibular incisive canal: cone beam computed tomography. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012;14:67–73.
Pogrel MA, Smith R, Ahani R. Innervation of the mandibular incisors by the mental nerve. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;55:961–3.
Polland KE, Munro S, Reford G, Lockhart A, Logan G, Brocklebank L, McDonald SW. The mandibular canal of the edentulous jaw. Clin Anat. 2001;14:445–52.
Pommer B, Tepper G, Gahleitner A, Zechner W, Watzek G. New safety margins for chin bone harvesting based on the course of the mandibular canal in CT. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19:1312–6.
Romanos GE, Greenstein G. The incisive canal. Considerations during implant placement: case report and literature review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24:740–5.
Romanos GE, Papadimitriou DE, Royer K, Stefanova-Stephens N, Salwan R, Malmström H, Caton JG. The presence of the mandibular incisive canal: a panoramic radiographic examination. Implant Dent. 2012;21:202–6.
Rosenquist B. Is there an anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve? Int J Periodont Rest Dent. 1996;16:41–5.
Sahman H, Sekerci AE, Sisman Y. Assessment of the visibility and characteristics of the mandibular incisive canal: cone beam computed tomography versus panoramic radiography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014;29:71–8.
Sokhn S, Nasseh I, Noujeim M. Using cone beam computed tomography to determine safe regions for implant placement. Gen Dent. 2011;59:e72–7.
Uchida Y, Yamashita Y, Goto M, Hanihara T. Measurement of anterior loop length for the mandibular canal and diameter of the mandibular incisive canal to avoid nerve damage when installing endosseous implants in the interforaminal region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;65:1772–9.
Uchida Y, Noguchi N, Goto M, Yamashita Y, Hanihara T, Takamori H, Sato I, Kawai T, Yosue T. Measurement of anterior loop length for the mandibular canal and diameter of the mandibular incisive canal to avoid nerve damage when installing endosseous implants in the interforaminal region: a second attempt introducing cone beam computed tomography. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:744–50.
von Arx T, Häfliger J, Chappuis V. Neurosensory disturbances following bone harvesting in the symphysis. A prospective clinical study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005;16:432–9.
von Arx T, Chappuis V, Kälin C, Bornstein MM. Laser Doppler flowmetry for assessment of anterior mandibular teeth in conjunction with bone harvesting in the symphysis: a clinical pilot study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22:383–9.
von Arx T. Intraoral bone harvesting. In: Buser D, editor. 20 years of guided bone regeneration. Chicago: Quintessence; 2009. p. 97–121.
Vu DD, Brockhoff HC, Yates DM, Finn R, Phillips C. Course of the mandibular incisive canal and its impact on harvesting symphysis bone grafts. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;73:258e1–12.
Walton JN. Altered sensation associated with implants in the anterior mandible: a prospective study. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83:443–9.
Wang PD, Serman NJ, Kaufman E. Continuous radiographic visualization of the mandibular nutrient canals. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2001;30:131–2.
Xu Y, Suo N, Tian X, Li F, Zhong G, Liu X, Bao Y, Song T, Tian H. Anatomic study on mental canal and incisive nerve canal in interforaminal region in Chinese population. Surg Radiol Anat. 2015;37:585–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
von Arx, T., Lozanoff, S. (2017). Mandibular Incisive Canal. In: Clinical Oral Anatomy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41993-0_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41993-0_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41991-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41993-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)