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Noncoding RNAs in Breast Cancer

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Abstract

Recent advances in RNA sequencing technologies have unveiled the complexity of RNA world outdating the traditional view that many noncoding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts are transcriptional noise , while the protein coding genes are important players in cancer signaling. Accumulating evidence suggests that they are not only key regulators of gene expression, but also direct targets of cancer pathways. These are mainly classified according to their size: microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) being the most studied. The field has rapidly expanded and it is impossible to cover all the nuances in a single chapter. Noncoding RNAs, including miRNAs (~22 nucleotides long RNAs) and lncRNAs (>200 nucleotides), regulate gene expression at the transcriptional levels or post-transcriptionally by modulating the function of transcription factors, directing chromatin reorganization and modification, or by inhibiting the translation or stability of messenger RNA (mRNA). Here, we provide an overview of the role of ncRNAs in breast cancer and their prognostic and predictive potential in the clinical practice.

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Abbreviations

lncRNA:

Noncoding RNA

lncRNA:

Long noncoding RNA

miRNA:

MicroRNA

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr. MS A128, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Yesim Gökmen-Polar

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 350 West 11th Street, IUHPL 4050, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Sunil Badve

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  1. Yesim Gökmen-Polar
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Correspondence to Yesim Gökmen-Polar or Sunil Badve .

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  1. Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

    Sunil Badve

  2. Indiana University School of Medicine, Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

    Yesim Gökmen-Polar

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Gökmen-Polar, Y., Badve, S. (2016). Noncoding RNAs in Breast Cancer. In: Badve, S., Gökmen-Polar, Y. (eds) Molecular Pathology of Breast Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41761-5_22

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