Abstract
Competence-based education and assessment is an innovative approach in vocational education and training (VET). Within this approach, competencies are often put in context, are situation specifically formulated, related to career perspectives and described by using performance standards set by the industry in which graduates find employment. When persons want to be recognized as being competent, they have to show evidence for this by demonstrating competent professional behaviour. The core of the competence approach in Viet Nam consists of the idea that a competent worker has the competence to effectively perform related tasks. Looking in more detail into the landscape of different VET standards reveals a variety of terminology, which sometimes may even appear confusing. This terminology includes, for instance, occupational, competence, skills, occupational skills and achievement standards. Another area of confusion is the relationship between learning outcomes and competencies which are the key components of occupational standards and qualifications frameworks. Confusion about these concepts in Viet Nam may be caused by the fact that the VET policy sector has not been closely linked to dominant VET theories, policy and practices around the world. This chapter reviews the implementation of competence-based vocational and professional education in Viet Nam. The chapter covers the whole range of issues regarding competence-based education, from its philosophy to its actual implementation. The scope of the chapter moves from educational innovation in the countries within the ASEAN Economy Community (AEC). The AEC has endorsed the ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF) since May 2015. The chapter also introduces some solutions to competence-based VET in Viet Nam: (1) moving towards a learning outcome approach is seen as the way forward, particularly regarding the procedures of learning outcomes-based curriculum development and the translation of competence standards into modules; (2) the process of developing performance assessment tools; and (3) competence-based assessment.
See Appendix for List of Abbreviations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ADB., & ILO. (2014). ASEAN Community 2015: Managing integration for better jobs and shared prosperity. © 2014 International Labour Organization and Asian Development Bank. Bangkok.
CEDEFOP. (2009). The shift to learning outcomes. Policies and practices in Europe. Cedefop Reference series; 72, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Luxembourg.
CEDEFOP. (2011). Using learning outcomes, European Qualifications Framework Series: Note 4. Publications Office of the European Union. Luxembourg.
Coles, M., & Bateman, A. (2015, October 6–8). Extended learning outcomes paper. Seventh meeting of the Task Force on ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (TF-AQRF) back to back with AANZFTA workshop on AQRF referencing guidelines Bangkok.
Coles, M., & Werquin, P. (2006). Qualification system: Bridges to lifelong learning. Paris: OECD.
Dang Thanh Hung. (2010). Skill identification and assessment. Journal of Educational Science, 7 (62), 25–28.
European Chamber of Commerce in Viet Nam. (2013). White Book 2014 on Trade/Investment Issues and Recommendations. Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
MOLISA. (2008). Decision No. 09/2008/QĐ-BLĐTBXH on principles, procedures of developing and issuing national occupational skills standards. Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
Nguyen Duc Tri. (2010). Vocational education and training – Literature and practice issues. Science and Technics Publishing House. Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
Nguyen Quang Viet. (2014). Employability competence and skills – Issues and concept, Vocational Training Science Journal, 2 (4), 19–23.
World Bank. (2013). Skilling up Vietnam: Preparing the workforce for a modern market economy. Vietnam Development Report 2014. 82940 v2.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
List of Abbreviations
List of Abbreviations
- ADB:
-
Asian Development Bank
- AEC:
-
ASEAN Economic Community
- AQRF:
-
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework
- ASEAN:
-
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
- CEDEFOP:
-
European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training
- GDVT:
-
General Directorate of Vocational Training
- ILO:
-
International Labour Organization
- MOLISA:
-
Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs
- MOET:
-
Ministry of Education and Training
- MRA:
-
Mutual Recognition Arrangement
- NOSS:
-
National Occupational Skill Standards
- NQF:
-
National Qualifications Framework
- RMCS:
-
Regional Model of Competency Standards
- VET:
-
Vocational Education and Training
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Viet, N.Q. (2017). Competence-based Vocational Education and Training in Viet Nam: Input and Process towards Learning Outcomes. In: Mulder, M. (eds) Competence-based Vocational and Professional Education. Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects, vol 23. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41713-4_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41713-4_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41711-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41713-4
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)