Abstract
The vehicle windshield is supported and framed by the hood, roof, and pillars, which occlude the driver’s view of the outside. It has been previously shown that awareness of the external world changes according to differences in windshield shape. This directly affects the drivability of a vehicle. Thus, the windshield shape must be designed by considering driver’s visual performance so that it can be balanced with other performance measures such as weight and roominess to design the optimal cockpit. Visual performance during driving is affected by (1) bottom-up attention and (2) top-down attention, and (3) selection between them. This study focuses on Itti and Koch’s visual saliency that attracts bottom-up attention as a visual scene changes in shape and color around front windshield frame during driving. This paper aims to quantify the relationships between drivers’ gaze movements and visual saliency.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Treisman, A.M., Gelade, G.: A feature-integration theory of attention. Cogn. Psychol. 12(1), 97–136 (1980)
Koch, C., Ullman, S.: Shifts in selective visual attention: towards the underlying neural circuitry. Hum. Neurobiol. 4(4), 219–227 (1985)
Itti, L., Koch, C.: A saliency-based search mechanism for overt and covert shifts of visual attention. Vision. Res. 40(10–12), 1489–1506 (2000)
Yoshida, M., Itti, L., Berg, D.J., Ikeda, T., Kato, R., Takaura, K., White, B.J., Munoz, D.P., Isa, T.: Residual attention guidance in blindsight monkeys watching complex natural scenes. Curr. Biol. 22(15), 1429–1434 (2012)
Yoshida, M.: Application of saliency map to the analysis of visual search. Jpn. Neural Netw. Soc. 21(1), 3–12 (2014). (in Japanese)
Yoshida, M., Veale, R.: Saliency-guided neural prosthesis for visual attention: design and simulation. Neurosci. Res. 78, 90–94 (2014)
Tanaka, Y., Rakumatsu, T., Horiue, M., Miyazaki, T., Nishikawa, K., Nouzawa, T., Tsuji, T.: An evaluation of automotive interior packages based on human ocular and joint motor properties. Trans. Soc. Instr. Control Eng. 46(2), 123–129 (2010). (in Japanese)
Takeda, Y., Daikokuya, Y., Murase, K., Ohtsubo, T., Hashimoto, S., Fushimi, A., Tamitani, K.: Analysis of automotive interior structure considering relationships human visual direction perception and visual space KANSEI. Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng. Ser. C 79(807), 4039–4046 (2013). (in Japanese)
Takeda, Y., Murase, K., Kajikawa, H., Ohtsubo, T., Hashimoto, S., Ioka, T., Tamitani, K.: An evaluation of automotive interior shapes based on human egocentric direction. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Image Media Quality and Its Applications (IMQA2013), pp. 86–91 (2013)
Yarbus, A.L.: Eye Movements during Perception of Complex Objects, Eye Movements and Vision. Plenum Press, New York (1967)
Laretzaki, G., Plainis, S., Vrettos, I., Chrisoulakis, A., Pallikaris, I., Bitsios, P.: Threat and trait anxiety affect stability of gaze fixation. J. Psychopharmacol. 24(5), 667–675 (2011)
A2Mac1 Automotive Bench Marking: http://www.a2mac1.net, Website version: 4.1.1895, Accessed 2013.1 (2013)
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by “Center of KANSEI Innovation Nurturing Mental Wealth.” COI STREAM (Center of Innovation Science and Technology based Radical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program) by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) started in fiscal 2013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Takeda, Y. et al. (2017). Windshield Frame Shape and Awareness of the External World While Driving an Automobile. In: Hale, K., Stanney, K. (eds) Advances in Neuroergonomics and Cognitive Engineering. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 488. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41691-5_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41691-5_32
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41690-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41691-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)