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Epigenetics, Energy Balance, and Cancer pp 1–28Cite as

Epigenetics and Cancer

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Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 11))

Abstract

Epigenetic characteristics are heritable features, propagated through cell division, that contribute to cellular identity independent of DNA sequence. Such characteristics include DNA methylation, covalent histone modifications, and non-coding RNA-dependent gene regulation. Over the past few decades, epigenetic changes in cancer have become recognized and widely accepted as important contributors to malignant transformation. Such alterations result in a transcriptional program that promotes molecular diversity and provides a selective advantage to cancer cells through tumor suppressor gene silencing and aberrant oncogene activation. Causes of epigenetic aberrations remain under active investigation and include at least stochastic changes associated with aging, mutations in epigenetic modifying enzymes, and altered cellular metabolism through changing the metabolite repertoire. A number of therapies targeting epigenetic modifiers have been approved by the FDA for cancer treatment, and many others are in clinical trials. Ongoing research is focused on better understanding mechanisms contributing to the altered epigenome, how the altered epigenome contributes to malignant transformation, and how epigenetic therapies can be best applied clinically to patients most likely to benefit from them.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, PAHB 339, 3307 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA

    Andrew D. Kelly

  2. Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, PAHB 154 3307 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA

    Jean-Pierre J. Issa

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  1. Andrew D. Kelly
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  1. Center for Science, Health & Society, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

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Kelly, A.D., Issa, JP.J. (2016). Epigenetics and Cancer. In: Berger, N. (eds) Epigenetics, Energy Balance, and Cancer. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41610-6_1

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