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Methods for the Preparation of Nanoparticles by Polymerization

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Polymer Nanoparticles for Nanomedicines

Abstract

This chapter describes methods of preparation of nanospheres and nanocapsules by polymerization giving advises to carry on the polymerization reactions to produce nanoparticles with well-defined characteristics. The number one polymer that composes nanoparticles prepared by polymerization in the aim to use them as drug carrier is poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) (PACA). A comprehensive view of the polymerization reactions of the corresponding monomer is given considering the conditions that are applied to produce the nanoparticles. It is then explained how to prepare PACA nanospheres by emulsion polymerization and oil- and water containing PACA nanocapsules by interfacial polymerization of these monomers and how to play with the reaction conditions to give the nanoparticles the desired characteristics. Besides nanoparticles made of PACA, nanocapsules with envelopes composed of polyurethane, polyamide, and polyesters can be synthesized by interfacial polycondensation methods carried out in very thin emulsions. This method will be described at the end of the chapter.

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Acknowledgments

CV addresses her warm thanks to Patrick Couvreur who has introduced her in the poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticle world and for fruitful discussions that have been a source of inspiration for her work. CV also thanks Denis Labarre for the collaboration that has started at the drawn of the millennium and lasted up to his retirement in developing the radical emulsion polymerization of ACA that opened huge possibilities to design poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles giving them new properties needed to control their in vivo fate hence drug delivery potential. Thanks to all Ph.D. students, Post Doc, and colleagues around the world who have provided with new ideas of making poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles based on the polymerization of these very tricky monomers.

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  1. Institut Galien Paris Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR CNRS, University of Paris-Sud, University Paris Saclay, 5 Rue J.B. Clément, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France

    Christine Vauthier

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Correspondence to Christine Vauthier .

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  1. Institut Galien Paris Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, CNRS, University of Paris-Sud, University Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France

    Christine Vauthier

  2. Institut Galien Paris Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, CNRS, University of Paris-Sud, University Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France

    Gilles Ponchel

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Vauthier, C. (2016). Methods for the Preparation of Nanoparticles by Polymerization. In: Vauthier, C., Ponchel, G. (eds) Polymer Nanoparticles for Nanomedicines. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41421-8_5

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