Skip to main content

Upper Extremity Neuromuscular Disorders

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Rehabilitative Surgery

Abstract

Medical caregivers of patients with upper extremity neuromuscular disorders should use a multidisciplinary approach in order to maximize their patients’ function and minimize related adverse events. Nonsurgical treatment options are often trialed initially and typically consist of one or more of the following: limb-specific therapy including stretching and strengthening, functional or hygienic splinting, sensory and/or motor reeducation, and oral or injectable medications. Surgical treatment options can be broadly considered within one or more of the following categories: local nerve repair, grafting, or transfers; local tendon grafting or transfers, free muscle, tendon, and/or nerve flap transfers involving microsurgery; and joint releases, reconstructions, or fusions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Buckwalter JA, Einhorn TA, Simon SR. Orthopaedic basic science: biology and biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. 2nd ed. Rosemont: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Jupiter JB, Ring DC. AO Manual of fracture management: hand and wrist. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Means Jr KR, Graham TJ. Disorders of the forearm axis. In: Wolfe SW, Hotchkiss RN, Pederson WC, Kozin SH, editors. Green’s operative hand surgery. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2011. p. 837–68.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Schütz M, Südkamp NP. Revolution in plate osteosynthesis: new internal fixator systems. J Orthop Sci. 2003;8:252–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Teboul F, Bizot P, Kakkar R, Sedel L. Surgical management of trapezius palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86-A:1884–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Kozin SH. The evaluation and treatment of children with brachial plexus birth palsy. J Hand Surg Am. 2011;36:1360–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Harryman II DT, Walker ED, Harris SL, Sidles JA, Jackins SE, Matsen III FA. Residual motion and function after glenohumeral or scapulothoracic arthrodesis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1993;2:275–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Anderson KD, Friden J, Lichen RL. Acceptable benefits and risks associated with surgically improving arm function in individuals living with cervical spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2009;47:334–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Mackinnon SE, Novak CB, Myckatyn TM, Tung TH. Results of reinnervation of the biceps and brachialis muscles with a double fascicular transfer for elbow flexion. J Hand Surg Am. 2005;31:183–9.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kozin SH, D’Addesi L, Chafetz RS, Ashworth S, Mulcahey MJ. Biceps-to-Triceps transfer for elbow extension in person with tetraplegia. J Hand Surg. 2010;35A:968–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Young JH. Implications of elbow arthrodesis for individuals with paraplegia. Phys Ther. 1993;73:194–201.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Davidge KM, Yee A, Kahn LC, Mackinnon SE. Median to radial nerve transfers for restoration of wrist, finger, and thumb extension. J Hand Surg Am. 2013;38:1812–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rayan GM, Young BT. Arthrodesis of the spastic wrist. J Hand Surg Am. 1999;24:944–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Terzis JK, Kostopoulos VK. Free muscle transfer in posttraumatic plexopathies: part III. The hand. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;124:1225–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Goldner JL, Koman LA, Gelberman R, Levin S, Goldner RD. Arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb in children and adults. Adjunctive treatment of thumb-in-palm deformity in cerebral palsy. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990;253:75–89.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lomita C, Ezaki M, Oishi S. Upper extremity surgery in children with cerebral palsy. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2010;18:160–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenneth R. Means MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Means, K.R., Forthman, C.L., Baugher, W.H., Katz, R.D., Wittstadt, R.A., Segalman, K.A. (2017). Upper Extremity Neuromuscular Disorders. In: Elkwood, A., Kaufman, M., Schneider, L. (eds) Rehabilitative Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41406-5_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41406-5_24

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41404-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41406-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics