Skip to main content

High-Strain Rate Compressive Behavior of a Clay Under Uniaxial Strain State

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Abstract

Dynamic compressive behavior of a clay obtained from Boulder, Colorado was investigated on a 24.4 m split Hopkinson pressure bar. The as-received clay was first pulverized into powders, which were subsequently dried in oven at 105 °C for 2 weeks, and then sieved to collect powers with dimensions smaller than #50 (0.3 mm) using ASTM E-11 standard sieves. The sorted clay was compressed inside a hardened steel tube, by a tungsten carbide rod at one end in contact with the incident bar, and a brass rod at the other end in contact with the transmission bar. This assembly was subjected to repetitive shaking to consolidate the soil to attain a desired bulk mass density; it is then placed between the incident steel bar and the transmission aluminum bar for dynamic compression. Through measurements of both axial and transverse responses of the cylindrical clay specimens under confinement, both volumetric and deviatoric responses were determined under the 3D stress state involved. Both dry and moist clay specimens were characterized at high strain rates. The effect of moisture content on the compressive behavior was investigated. The compressibility as a function of axial stress was determined.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Regueiro, R., Pak, R., McCartney, J., Sture, S., Yan, B., Duan, Z., Svoboda, J., Mun, W., Vasilyev, O., Kasimov, N., Brown-Dymkoski, E., Hansen, C., Li, S., Ren, B., Alshibli, K., Druckrey, A., Lu, H., Luo, H., Brannon, R., Bonifasi-Lista, C., Yarahmadi, A., Ghodrati, E., Colovos, J.: ONR MURI project on soil blast modeling and simulation. In: Dynamic Behavior of Materials: Conference Proceedings Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, vol. 1, pp. 341–353 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Luo, H., Xu, T., Wang, X., Lu, H.: Interaction of shock wave with granular materials. In: Antoun B. (ed.) Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials. Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Experimental and Application Mechanics, vol. 2, pp. 35–43. Springer

    Google Scholar 

  3. Martin, B.E., Chen, W., Song, B., Akers, S.A.: Moisture effects on the high strain-rate behavior of sand. Mech. Mater. 41(6), 786–798 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Song, B., Chen, W., Luk, V.: Impact compressive response of dry sand. Mech. Mater. 41(6), 777–785 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Huang, J., Xu, S., Hu, S.: Effects of grain size and gradation on the dynamic responses of quartz sands. Int. J. Impact Eng. 59, 1–10 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Martin, B.E., Kabir, E., Chen, W.: Undrained high-pressure and high strain-rate response of dry sand under triaxial loading. Int. J. Impact Eng. 54, 51–63 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Luo, H., Lu, H., Cooper, W.L., Komanduri, R.: Effect of mass density on the compressive behavior of dry sand under confinement at high strain rates. Exp. Mech. 51(9), 1499–1510 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Luo, H., Cooper, W.L., Lu, H.: Effects of particle size and moisture on the compressive behavior of dense Eglin sand under confinement at high strain rates. Int. J. Impact Eng. 65, 40–55 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Luo, H., Du, Y., Hu, Z., Lu, H.: High-strain rate compressive behavior of dry Mason sand under confinement. In: Song, B., et al. (eds.) Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, vol. 1, pp. 325–333. Springer

    Google Scholar 

  10. Luo, H., Du, Y., Hu, Z., Cooper, W.L., Lu, H.: High-strain rate compressive behavior of glass beads under confinement. Exp. Mech. 55(5), 935–950 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Omidvar, M., Iskander, M., Bless, S.: Stress-strain behavior of sand at high strain rates. Int. J. Impact Eng. 49, 192–213 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Higgins, W., Chakraborty, T., Basu, D.: A high strain-rate constitutive model for sand and its application in finite-element analysis of tunnels subjected to blast. Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. 37(15), 2590–2610 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Svoboda, J.S., McCartney, J.S.: Shearing rate effects on dense sand and compacted clay. In: Dynamic Behavior of Materials. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, vol. 1, pp. 389–395 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mun, W., McCartney, J.S.: Compression mechanisms of unsaturated clay under high stresses. Can. Geotech. J. 52(12), 2099–2112 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ravi-Chandar, K., Ma, Z.: Inelastic deformation in polymers under multiaxial compression. Mech. Time-Depend Mater. 4, 333–357 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Knauss, W.G., Emri, I., Lu, H.: Mechanics of Polymers: Viscoelasticity. In: Sharpe, W.N. (ed.) Handbook of Experimental Solid Mechanics, pp. 49–95. Springer, New York (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Gray, GT III.: Classic split-Hopkinson pressure bar testing. In: Mechanical Testing and Evaluation. Metals Handbook. ASM, Materials Park, vol. 8, pp. 462–476 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Luo, H., Lu, H., Leventis, N.: The compressive behavior of isocyanate-crosslinked silica aerogel at high strain rates. Mech. Time-Depend Mater. 10(2), 83–111 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Luo, H., Roy, S., Lu, H.: Dynamic compressive behavior of unidirectional IM7/5250-4 laminate after thermal oxidation. Compos. Sci. Technol. 72(2), 159–166 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Luo, H., Lu, G., Roy, S., Lu, H.: Characterization of the visceoelastic behavior of bismaleimide resin before and after exposure to high temperatures. Mech. Time-Depend Mater. 17(3), 369–399 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Hagerty, M.M., Hite, D.R., Ullrich, C.R., Hagerty, D.J.: One-dimensional high-pressure compression of granular material. J. Geotech. Eng. 119(1), 1–18 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

We acknowledge the support of ONR MURI grant N00014-11-1-0691 and DOE NEUP grant 09-818, NSF ECCS-1307997. Lu Also acknowledges the Louis A. Beecherl Jr. Chair for additional support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hongbing Lu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Luo, H., Hu, Z., Xu, T., Lu, H. (2017). High-Strain Rate Compressive Behavior of a Clay Under Uniaxial Strain State. In: Casem, D., Lamberson, L., Kimberley, J. (eds) Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41132-3_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41132-3_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41131-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41132-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics