Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s highest-energy particle accelerator, designed to collide protons at a center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV. The ATLAS experiment is one of the two multi-purpose experiments that take advantage of the collisions provided by the LHC. It has been conceived to pursuit an ambitious physics program, where the first milestone was the discovery of the Higgs boson, achieved in 2012 (ATLAS Collaboration, Phys Lett B 716:1, 2012, [1], CMS Collaboration, Phys Lett B 716:30, 2012 [2]). This chapter introduces CERN’s accelerator complex and describes the main aspects of the ATLAS detector at the LHC.
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- 1.
LHC terminated the first phase of the \(pp\) program at the end of 2012, operated proton-heavy ion collisions for two months at the beginning of 2013 and then stopped for what is called the first “long shutdown”. During these two-years the accelerator and the experiments underwent substantial maintenance and upgrade works, in order to be re-operated in 2015 with higher performance at a higher center-of-mass energy for particle collisions.
- 2.
Multiple scattering is defined as the electromagnetic interaction of a charged particle with the atomic structure of the medium. The result of the interaction with the very large number of nuclei and electrons results into a random smearing of the momentum of the incoming particle.
- 3.
The lower intrinsic resolution of the TRT is compensated by the higher number of hits per track and by the possibility of analyzing a longer track segment.
- 4.
Drift-time in tubes with a diameter of \({\sim } 10\,\text {mm}\) can be of \({\sim } 500\,\text {ns}\), too long with respect to the 25 ns spacing of the bunch crossings.
- 5.
A luminosity block (lumiblock) is the smallest unit of time in the ATLAS data-taking defined as the minimal period where all the data-taking configurations are constant. In general the duration of a luminosity block is of the order of 1 min.
References
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Montejo Berlingen, J. (2016). The ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. In: Search for New Physics in tt ̅ Final States with Additional Heavy-Flavor Jets with the ATLAS Detector. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41051-7_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41051-7_2
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