Abstract
For decades, cisplatin chemotherapy has significantly increased survival in numerous cancer patient populations. However, cisplatin treatment results in severe adverse side effects including nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, radiation-induced oral mucositis, ototoxicity, and permanent hearing loss. Protection from cisplatin’s adverse side effects has therefore been a translational research focus for many years. This chapter discusses cisplatin’s historical discovery, its clinical application, and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity mechanisms. The chapter then reviews current translational research to protect from cisplatin-induced hearing loss, including clinical behavioral and objective monitoring techniques; adult and pediatric grading scales implemented to measure and identify cisplatin-induced ototoxicity; and potential otoprotective mechanisms that are currently tested to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in animals and clinical trials. Finally, the chapter reviews potential clinical trial funding and the steps required by the FDA, including the extensive investigational new drug (IND) application, to test otoprotective agents for protection from cisplatin-induced hearing loss. At the chapter’s end, readers should acquire general knowledge underlying cisplatin’s intricate history and clinical cisplatin use and understand the steps required to design and perform translational otoprotection studies to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and permanent hearing loss.
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Kathleen Campbell is the sole inventor on the patents for D-methionine. Her patents belong to her employer SIU School of Medicine. She is also the cofounder and Chief Scientific Officer for MetArmor, Inc. which has licensed her patents from SIU.
Dr. Daniel Fox is currently the Program Manager for MetArmor team, however he had no financial affiliations during the creation of this chapter.
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Campbell, K.C.M., Fox, D.J. (2016). Cisplatin-Induced Hearing Loss. In: Le Prell, C., Lobarinas, E., Popper, A., Fay, R. (eds) Translational Research in Audiology, Neurotology, and the Hearing Sciences. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 58. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40848-4_6
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