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Regulation of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelination by Nuclear Receptors: Role in Neurodegenerative Disorders

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Glial Cells in Health and Disease of the CNS

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 949))

Abstract

During development and through adulthood, differentiation of diverse cell types is controlled by specific genetic and molecular programs for which transcription factors are master regulators of gene expression. Here, we present an overview of the role of nuclear receptors and their selective pharmacological modulators in oligodendrocytes linage, their role in myelination and remyelination and their potential use as a therapeutic strategy for demyelinating diseases. We discuss several aspects of nuclear receptors including: (1) the biochemistry of nuclear receptors superfamily; (2) their role on stem cells physiology, focusing in differentiation and cell removal; (3) the role of nuclear receptor in the oligodendrocytes cell linage, from oligodendrocyte progenitors cells to mature myelinating cells; and (4) the therapeutics opportunities of nuclear receptors for specific demyelinating diseases.

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Abbreviations

Aβ:

Amyloid-β

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

ALDRP:

Adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein

AMN:

Adrenomyeloneuropathy

aNSCs:

Adult neural stem cells

AR:

Androgen receptor

CAR:

Constitutive androstane receptor

CBP:

cAMP response element binding protein-binding protein

CNPase:

2′3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase

CNTF:

Ciliary neurotrophic factor

COUP-TF:

Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor

CNS:

Central nervous system

DBD:

DNA binding domain

DG:

Dendate gyrus

EAE:

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

ER:

Estrogen receptor

ERR:

Estrogen-related receptor

FXR:

Farnesoid X receptor

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acid protein

GR:

Glucocorticoid receptor

HNF4A:

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A

IGF-1:

Insulin-like growth factor-1

LBD:

Ligand binding domain

LRH-1:

Human liver receptor homologue-1

LXR:

Liver X receptor

MBP:

Myelin basic protein

MCP-1:

Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1

MR:

Mineralocorticoid receptor

MPZ:

Myelin protein zero

MS:

Multiple sclerosis

N-CoR:

Nuclear receptor corepressor

NR2E1:

Orphan nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 1 NPCs neural progenitor cells

NRs:

Nuclear receptors

NSCs:

Neural stem cells

Nurr1:

Nuclear receptor related 1 protein

OL:

Oligodendrocytes

OPCs:

Oligodendrocytes progenitor cells

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PGC-1:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivators 1

PGJ2:

Prostaglandin J2

PLP:

Myelin proteolipid protein

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

PMP22:

Peripheral myelin protein 22

PPREs:

Peroxisome proliferator response elements

PR:

Progesterone receptor

PXR:

Pregnane X receptor

KD:

Krabbe disease

RA:

Retinoic acid

RAR:

Retinoic acid receptor

RE:

Response element

ROR:

Retinoid-related orphan receptor

RXR:

Retinoid X receptor

SF-1:

Steroidogenic factor-1

SMRT:

Silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptorsT3 triiodothyronine

TH:

Thyroid hormone

TLX:

A homolog of Drosophila tailless gene

TR:

Thyroid hormone receptor

TNFα:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

X-ALD:

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

X-CALD:

X-linked cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

VDR:

Vitamin D receptor

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from COLCIENCIAS (110145221189), DIB-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (20101007590, 20201009689) and the Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

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  1. Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Facultad de Medicina e Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

    Adrián Sandoval-Hernández, María José Contreras, Jenny Jaramillo & Gonzalo Arboleda

  2. Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

    Gonzalo Arboleda

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  1. Adrián Sandoval-Hernández
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Correspondence to Gonzalo Arboleda .

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  1. Faculty of Medicine Professor of Neurology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Rommy von Bernhardi

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Sandoval-Hernández, A., Contreras, M.J., Jaramillo, J., Arboleda, G. (2016). Regulation of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelination by Nuclear Receptors: Role in Neurodegenerative Disorders. In: von Bernhardi, R. (eds) Glial Cells in Health and Disease of the CNS. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 949. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40764-7_14

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