Skip to main content

Beneficial Effect of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Psoriasis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Omega-3 Fatty Acids
  • 2520 Accesses

Abstract

Psoriasis is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder associated with irregularities in the T-cell function. Activation of T-cell produces enriches amounts of biomarkers which are highly responsible for keratinocyte hyperproliferation in psoriasis. Among the diverse drug therapies available for treatment and management of psoriasis, administration of omega (ω) - 3 fatty acids (i.e., EPA and DHA) and their metabolites as alone or combination with other antipsoriatic drugs in dose-dependent manner results to inhibit proinflammatory mediators. Despites their potential benefits, these bioactive are associated with limitations like lipid peroxidation and improper bioavailability after oral and topical administration. To overcome these hiccups, emergence of nanomedicines has gained wider attention owing to their improved stability, optimum bioavailability and better efficacy against psoriasis treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Lebwohl M. Psoriasis. Lancet. 2003;361:1197–204.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Christophers E. Psoriasis epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2001;26:314–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kehn P, Fernandes G. The importance of omega-3 fatty acids in the attenuation of immuno-mediated diseases. J Clin Immunol. 2001;21:99–101.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Calder PC. Joint Nutrition Society and Irish Nutrition and Dietetic Institute symposium on ‘nutrition and autoimmune disease’ PUFA, inflammatory processes and rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Nutr Soc. 2008;67:409–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Fernandes G. Dietary lipids and risk of autoimmune disease. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1994;72:193–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. FAO/WHO. Fats and oils in human nutrition. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation, 19–26 Oct 1993. 168 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Simopoulos AP. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomed Pharmacother. 2002;56:365–79.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee JH, O’Keefe JH, Lavie CJ, Marchioli R, Harris WS. Omega-3 fatty acids for cardioprotection. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83:324–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Harris WS. N-3 Fatty acids and serum lipoproteins: human studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;65:1645–54.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gil Á. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2002;56:388–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Cowing BE, Saker KE. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling in mammary cancer. J Nutr. 2001;131:1125–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Trautwein EA. n-3 Fatty acids-physiological and technical aspects for their use in food. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol. 2001;103:45–55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Yashodhara BM, Umakanth S, Pappachan JM, Bhat SK, Kamath R, Choo BH. Omega-3 fatty acids: a comprehensive review of their role in health and disease. Postgrad Med J. 2009;85:84–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ikai K. Psoriasis and the arachidonic acid cascade. J Dermatol Sci. 1999;21:135–46.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Maurice PD, Allen BR, Barkley AS, Cockbill SR, Stammers J, Bather PC. The effects of dietary supplementation with fish oil in patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 1987;117:599–606.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Drevon CA. Marine oils and their effects. Nutr Rev. 1992;50:38–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Grimminger F, Mayser P, Papavassilis C, et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of n-3 fatty acid based lipid infusion in acute, extended guttate psoriasis. Clin Investiq. 1993;71:634–43.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bittiner SB, Tucker WF, Cartwright I, Bleehen SS. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fish oil in psoriasis. Lancet. 1988;1:378–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mayser P, Mrowietz U, Arenberger P, et al. Omega-3 Fatty acid-based lipid infusion in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;38:539–47.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Escobar SO, Achenbach R, Iannantuono R, Torem V. Topical fish oil in psoriasis a controlled and blind study. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1992;17:159–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Arita M, Bianchini F, Aliberti J, et al. Stereochemical assignment, antiinflammatory properties, and receptor for the omega-3 lipid mediator resolvin E1. J Exp Med. 2005;201:713–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Rahman M, Ahmad MZ, Kazmi I, et al. Insight into the biomarkers as the novel anti-psoriatic drug discovery tool: a contemporary viewpoint. Current Drug Discov Technol. 2012;9:48–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Bos JD, Hagenaars C, Das PK, Krieg SR, Voorn WJ, Kapsenberg ML. Predominance of “memory” T cells (CD4+, CDw29+) over “naive” T cells (CD4+, CD45R+) in both normal and diseased human skin. Arch Dermatol Res. 1989;281:24–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002;21:495–505.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. De Nucci G. Eicosanoids and skin. Biochem Soc Trans. 1988;16:680–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Harbige LS. Fatty acids, the immune response, and auto-immunity: a question of n-6 essentiality and the balance between n-6 and n-3. Lipids. 2003;38:323–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Bouwman RA, Musters RJ, van Beek-Harmsen BJ, et al. Sevoflurane-induced cardio protection depends on PKC alpha activation via production of reactive oxygen species. Br J Anaesth. 2007;99:639–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Moscat J, Rennert P, Diaz-Meco MT. PKC zeta at the crossroad of NF-kappa β and Jak1/Stat6 signaling pathways. Cell Death Differ. 2006;13:702–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Zhao Y, Fishelevich R, Petrali JP, et al. Activation of keratinocyte protein kinase C zeta in psoriasis plaques. J Invest Dermatol. 2008;128:2190–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Finkel T, Holbrook NJ. Oxidants oxidative stress and the biology of ageing. Nature. 2000;408:239–47.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Bickers DR, Athar M. Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of skin disease. J Invest Dermatol. 2006;126:2565–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Trouba KJ, Hamadeh HK, Amin RP, Germolec DR. Oxidative stress and its role in skin disease. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2002;4:665–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Rahman M, Alam K, Ahmad MZ, et al. Classical to current approach for treatment of psoriasis: a review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2012;12:287–302.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Rahman M, Akhter S, Ahmad J, Ahmad MZ, Beg S, Ahmad FJ. Nanomedicine-based drug targeting for psoriasis: potentials and emerging trends in nanoscale pharmacotherapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2015;12(4):635–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Gupta AK, Ellis CN, Tellner DC, Anderson TF, Voorhees JJ. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of fish oil and low-dose UVB in the treatment of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 1989;120:801–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Elzinga L, Kelley VE, Houghton DC, Bennett WM. Modification of experimental nephrotoxicity with fish oil as the vehicle for cyclosporin. Transplantation. 1987;43:271–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ziboh VA. Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids constituents of fish oil and the management of skin inflammatory and scaly disorders. World Rev Nutr Diet. 1991;66:425–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Fisher M, Levine PH, Weiner BH, et al. Dietary n-3 fatty acids supplementation reduces superoxide production and chemi-luminescence in a monocyte-enriched preparation of leukocytes. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;51:804–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Takahashi M, Tsuboyama-Kasaoka N, Nakatani T, et al. Fish oil feeding alters liver gene expressions to defend against PPAR alpha activation and ROS production. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002;282:338–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Feuerstein S, Coric A, Sanfilippo. Omega-3 fatty acids formulations, US patent no. 7,652,068B2; 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Krumbholz R, Krumbholz K, Krumbholz C, Schirra N. Use of omega 3 fatty acid. US 2010/0331415A1; 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ursine V, James MJ. Treatment and prevention of inflammatory disorders US pub no. 2004/0039058A1; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Ursin V, Froman B, Valentin HE. Fatty acid desaturases from Tetraselmis suecica 7919685; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Mittmann U, Sachetto JP. Pharmaceutical compositions containing PUFA and at least one of an immunosuppressive agent or an antineoplastic agent. US pub no-2007/0219271 A1; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Smith L, Connor K, Serhan CN. Use of resolvins and docosatrienes and analogues thereof for the treatment of angiogenesis and ocular neovascularization. US 2010/0105773; 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Lima-Garcia JF, Dutra RC, da Silva K, Motta EM, Campos MM, Calixto JB. The precursor of resolvin D series and aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 display anti-hyperalgesic properties in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Br J Pharmacol. 2011;164:278–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Bento AF, Claudino RF, Dutra RC, Marcon R, Calixto JB. Omega-3 fatty acids-derived mediators 17(R)-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 and resolvin D2 prevent experimental colitis in mice. J Immunol. 2011;187:1957–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Hasturk H, Kantarci A, Goguet-Surmenian E, et al. Resolvin E1 regulates inflammation at the cellular and tissue level and restores tissue homeostasis in vivo. J Immunol. 2007;179:7021–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Tjonahen E, Oh SF, Siegelman J, et al. Resolvin E2: identification and anti-inflammatory actions: pivotal role of human 5-lipoxygenase in resolvin E series biosynthesis. Chem Biol. 2006;13:1193–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Dona M, Fredman G, Schwab JM, et al. Resolvin E1, an EPA-derived mediator in whole blood, selectively counter regulates leukocytes and platelets. Blood. 2008;112:848–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  51. Ward SG. CD28: a signalling perspective. Biochem J. 1996;318:361–77.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Cantrell D. T-cell antigen receptor signal transduction pathways. Annu Rev Immunol. 1996;14:259–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Miceli MC, Moran M, Chung CD, Patel VP, Low T, Zinnanti W. Co-stimulation and counter-stimulation: lipid raft clustering controls TCR signaling and functional outcomes. Semin Immunol. 2001;13:115–28.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Denys A, Hichami A, Khan NA. n-3 PUFA modulates T-cell activation via protein kinase C-alpha and epsilon and the NF-kappa β signaling pathway. J Lipid Res. 2005;46:752–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Lewis RS, Cahalan MD. Mitogen-induced oscillations of cytosolic Ca2+ and transmembrane Ca2+ current in human leukemic T-cells. Cell Regul. 1989;1:99–112.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Fan YY, Ly LH, Barhoumi R, McMurray DN, Chapkin RS. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid suppresses T cell protein kinase C theta lipid raft recruitment and IL-2 production. J Immunol. 2004;173:6151–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Kiley SC, Jaken S. Protein kinase C: interactions and consequences. Trends Cell Biol. 1994;4:223–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. May C, Southworth AJ, Calder PC. Inhibition of lymphocyte protein kinase C by unsaturated fatty acids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993;195:823–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Speizer LA, Watson MJ, Brunton LL. Differential effects of omega-3 fish oils on protein kinase activities in vitro. Am J Physiol. 1991;261:109–14.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Denys A, Hichami A, Khan NA. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid modulate MAP kinase (ERK1/ERK2) signaling in human T cells. J Lipid Res. 2001;42:2015–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Robbins DJ, Zhen E, Cheng M, Xu S, Ebert D, Cobb MH. MAP kinases ERKI and ERK2: pleiotropic enzymes in a ubiquitous signalling network. Adv Cancer Res. 1994;63:93–116.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Hii CST, Ferrante A, Edwards YS, et al. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by arachidonic acid in rat liver epithelial WB cells by a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:4201–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Whitehurst CE, Geppert D. MEK1 and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases are required for the stimulation of IL-2 gene transcription in T cells. J Immunol. 1996;156:1020–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Gorjão R, Hirabara SM, de Lima TM, Cury-Boaventura MF, Curi R. Regulation of intrleukin-2 signaling by fatty acids in human lymphocytes. J Lipid Res. 2007;48:2009–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Bousserouel S, Brouillet A, Béréziat G, Raymondjean M, Andréani M. Different effects of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the activation of rat smooth muscle cells by interleukin-1β. J Lipid Res. 2003;44:601–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Hofmann T, Obukhov AG, Schaefer M, Harteneck C, Gudermann T, Schultz G. Direct activation of human TRPC6 and TRPC3 channels by diacylglycerol. Nature. 1999;397:259–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Gamberucc A, Giurisato IE, Pizzo P, et al. Diacylglycerol activates the influx of extracellular cations in T-lymphocytes independently of intracellular calcium-store depletion and possibly involving endogenous TRP6 gene products. Biochem J. 2002;364:245–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Jolly CA, Jiang YH, Chapkin RS, McMurray DN. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulation of murine lymphoproliferation and interleukin-2 secretion, correlation with alteration in diacylglycerol and ceramide mass. J Nutr. 1997;127:37–43.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. McMurray DN, Jolly CA, Chapkin RS. Effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on T cell activation and T cell receptor mediated signalling in a murine model. J Infect Dis. 2000;182:103–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Zeyda M, Szekeres AB, Säemann MD, et al. Suppression of T cell signaling by polyunsaturated fatty acids: selectivity in inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor activation. J Immunol. 2003;170:6033–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Ly LH, Smith R, Chapkin RS, McMurray DN. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress splenic CD4+ T cell function in interleukin (IL)-10(−/−) mice. Clin Exp Immunol. 2005;139:202–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  72. James MJ, Caughey GE, Mantzioris E, Gibson RA, Cleland LG. The effect on human tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 β production of diets enriched in n-3 fatty acids from vegetable oil or fish oil. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:116–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Haworth O, Cernadas M, Yang R, Serhan CN, Levy BD. Resolvin E1 regulates interleukin 23, interferon-gamma and lipoxin A(4) to promote the resolution of allergic airway inflammation. Nat Immunol. 2008;9:873–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  74. Wang H, Syrovets T, Kess D, et al. Targeting NF-kappa B with a natural triterpenoid alleviates skin inflammation in a mouse model of psoriasis. J Immunol. 2009;183:4755–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Lo CJ, Chiu KC, Fu M, Lo R, Helton S. Fish oil decreases macrophage tumor necrosis factor gene transcription by altering the NF kappa β activity. J Surg Res. 1999;82:216–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Taneja A, Singh H. Challenges for the delivery of long-chain n-3 fatty acids in functional foods. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2012;3:105–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Kolanowski W, Jaworska D, Weissbrodt J. Importance of instrumental and sensory analysis in the assessment of oxidative deterioration of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich foods. J Sci Food Agric. 2007;87:181–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Lagarde M. Oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids: formation and function in blood and vascular cells. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol. 2010;112:941–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Kahkonen MP, Hopia A, Vuorela I, et al. Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. J Agric Food Chem. 1999;47:3954–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Arab-Tehrany E, Jacquot M, Gaiani C, Imran M, Desobry S, Linder M. Beneficial effects and oxidative stability of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2012;25:24–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Huber GM, Rupasinghe V, Shahidi F. Inhibition of oxidation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and fish oil by quercetin glycosides. Food Chem 2009;117:290–95.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Mitra A, Wu Y. Topical delivery for the treatment of psoriasis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2010;7:977–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Su YH, Fang JY. Drug delivery and formulations for the topical treatment of psoriasis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2008;5:235–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Rahman M, Beg S, Anwar F, Kumar V. Nanotechnology based nanobullets in antipsoriatic drug delivery: state of the art. Chapter 12. Nanoscience in Dermatology, sep 2016, Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Schneider M, Stracke F, Hansen S, Schaefer UF. Nanoparticles and their interactions with the dermal barrier. Dermatoendocrinol. 2009;1:197–206.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  86. Kagami Y, Sugimira S, Fujishima N, Matsuda K, Kometani T, Matsumura Y. Oxidative stability, structure, and physical characteristics of microcapsules formed by spray drying of fish oil with protein and dextrin wall materials. J Food Sci. 2003;68:2248–55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Minemoto Y, Fang X, Hakamata K, et al. Oxidation of linoleic acid encapsulated with soluble soybean polysaccharide by spray-drying. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2002;66:1829–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Ahn JH, Kim YP, Seo EM, Choi YK, Kim HS. Antioxidant effect of natural plant extracts on the microencapsulated high oleic sunflower oil. J Food Eng. 2008;84:327–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Torchilin VP. Nanocarriers. Pharm Res. 2007;24:2333–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Fang JY, Leu YL, Chang CC, Lin CH, Tsai YH. Lipid nano/submicron emulsions as vehicles for topical flurbiprofen delivery. Drug Deliv. 2004;11:97–105.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Sharma S, Kumar A, Sahni JK, Ali J, Baboota S. Nanoemulsion based hydrogels containing omega-3 fatty acids as a surrogate of betamethasone dipropionate for topical delivery. Adv Sci Lett. 2012;6:221–31.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Hassan AO, Elshafeey AH. Nanosized particulate systems for dermal and transdermal delivery. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2010;6:621–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Kreilgaard M. Influence of microemulsions on cutaneous drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2002;54:77–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Baboota S, Rahman M, Kumar A, Sharma S, Sahni J, Ali J. Submicron size formulation of linseed oil containing omega-3 fatty acids for topical delivery. J Dispersion Sci Technol. 2012;33:1259–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Sinha VR, Singla AK, Wadhawan S, et al. Chitosan microspheres as a potential carrier for drugs. Int J Pharm. 2004;274:1–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Liao L, Luo Y, Zhao M, Wang Q. characterization of succinic acid deamidated wheat gluten microspheres for encapsulation of fish oil. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2012;92:305–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Moussaoui N, Cansell M, Denizot A. Marinosomes A, marine lipid-based liposomes: physical characterization and potential application in cosmetics. Int J Pharm. 2002;242:361–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Bjørneboe A, Smith AK, Bjørneboe GE, Thune PO, Drevon CA. Effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids. Br J Dermatol. 1988;118:77–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Trebble T, Arden NK, Stroud MA, et al. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 production by mononuclear cells following dietary fish oil supplementation in healthy men and response to anti-oxidant co-supplementation. Brit J Nutr. 2003;90:405–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Stoof TJ, Korstanje MJ, Bilo HJ, Starink TM, Hulsmans RF, Donker AJ. Does fish oil protect renal function in cyclosporine treated psoriasis patients. J Intern Med. 1989;226:437–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Gupta AK, Ellis CN, Goldfarb MT, Hamilton TA, Voorhees JJ. The role of fish oil in psoriasis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of fish oil and topical corticosteroid therapy in psoriasis. Int J Dermatol. 1990;29:591–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Serhan CN, Clish CB, Brannon J, Colgan SP, Chiang N, Gronert K. Novel functional sets of lipid-derived mediators with anti-inflammatory actions generated from omega-3 fattyacids via cyclooxygenase 2-non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and transcellular processing. J Exp Med. 2000;192:1197–204.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  103. Schwab JM, Chiang N, Arita M, Serhan CN. Resolvin E1 and protectin D1 activate inflammation-resolution programmes. Nature. 2007;447:869–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  104. Vassiliou EK, Kesler OM, Tadros JH, Ganea D. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells generated in the presence of resolvin E1 induce apoptosis of activated CD4+ T cells. J Immunol. 2008;181:4534–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Lee TH, Mencia-Huerta JM, Shih C, Corey EJ, Lewis RA, Austen KF. Effects of exogenous arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids on the generation of 5-lipoxygenase pathway products by ionophore-activated human neutrophils. J Clin Invest. 1984;74:1922–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  106. Mommers JM, Van Rossum MM, Kooijmans-Otero ME, Parker GL, van de Kerkhof PC. VML 295 (LY-293111), a novel LTB4 antagonist is not effective in the prevention of relapse in psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2000;142:259–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vikas Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rahman, M., Beg, S., Anwar, F., Kumar, V. (2016). Beneficial Effect of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Psoriasis. In: Hegde, M., Zanwar, A., Adekar, S. (eds) Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_38

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_38

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40456-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40458-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics