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Characterization of Phreatomagmatic Deposits from the Eruption of the Pavin Maar (France)

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Lake Pavin

Abstract

The crater-lake Pavin, located in Auvergne and dated 6740 years BP, is the youngest volcano and one of the two acidic maars in metropolitan France. Field missions to the Pavin area were conducted for the past 5 years, leading to a better understanding of the Pavin tephrostratigraphy and geological history. Based on field textures, componentry and SEM morphoscopy of juvenile ash particles, a new complete tephrostratigraphy of the Pavin volcanic deposit is defined with a new reference section named Clidères. The 26 tephra beds and bed sets correspond to 4 volcanic units. The deposits are composed of high energy basal surges, lapilli fall and mixed dynamisms. The vertical variations of the maar deposits provide a way to access the fluctuating eruptive conditions related to changing magma-water interactions of the 4 main phases. The changes are associated to simultaneous variations of three factors: the pulsating mass eruption rates, the depth of fragmentation and the aquifer yield.

Based on the combination of two geophysical methods, ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity surveys, the boundaries of the volcanoclastic deposits are visualized and the average thickness of the formation is followed from proximal to intermediate locations. Including the combination of field observations of near 50 trenches of 1–2 m depth, a core drilling and geophysical profiles, the total volume of deposits is now estimated at 5.2 × 107 m3 which is 31 % less than previously estimated.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais. We give special thanks to field technicians Antoine Auffray, Thibaut Allary and Camille Dufeu and to engineering students, without whom digging and carrying geophysical equipment would not be so easy. We thank Alexandra Batailler, Erika Döhring, Nolwenn Jallais, Caroline Melet, Jean-Marie Davesne, Mathieu Demoulin, Yowen Lévêque, and Matthieu Vaillant for useful discussions and sharing observations and opinions in the field.

We are grateful to Lahcen Zouhri and Claire Podevin for discussions on hydrogeological characteristics in volcanic fields. We wish to thank Philippe Rocher (BRGM-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand), Philippe Rossi and Olivier Blein (BRGM-CDG, Orléans) providing us the authorization to use the drilling results on mecanical augers and share mapping data from Pierre Lavina to the geological map Besse N°741 (Thonat et al. 2015, in press). The paper greatly benefited from the thorough revision of Jean-Louis Bourdier and Franck Donnadieu.

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  1. Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, 60026, BEAUVAIS cedex, France

    Hervé Leyrit, William Zylberman, Pascale Lutz, Alexis Jaillard & Pierre Lavina

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  1. Hervé Leyrit
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  2. William Zylberman
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Correspondence to Hervé Leyrit .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. LMGE, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, UMR CNRS 6023, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Aubière, France

    Télesphore Sime-Ngando

  2. LMV, Université Clermont-Auvergne - CNRS - IRD - OPGC, Aubière, France

    Pierre Boivin

  3. ISTO Institut des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers en région Centre, UMR 7327 (CNRS-Université d’Orléans-BRGM), Orléans Cedex, France

    Emmanuel Chapron

  4. IPGP (Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris) Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, Paris, France

    Didier Jezequel

  5. METIS UMR CNRS 7619, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France

    Michel Meybeck

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Leyrit, H., Zylberman, W., Lutz, P., Jaillard, A., Lavina, P. (2016). Characterization of Phreatomagmatic Deposits from the Eruption of the Pavin Maar (France). In: Sime-Ngando, T., Boivin, P., Chapron, E., Jezequel, D., Meybeck, M. (eds) Lake Pavin. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39961-4_6

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