Abstract
In this chapter, Hollander explains the relative victimization of Jews in Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary during World War II. Because all three countries were allies of Nazi Germany, they were able to protect the bulk of their own Jewish citizens—at least as long as they remained loyal to the Axis cause. In March of 1944, however, Miklós Horthy, the Hungarian leader, was caught trying to negotiate a separate peace with the Soviet Union. Germany immediately subjected Hungary to a very direct and brutal occupation, deporting over 80 % of its Jewish population in the last year of the war. Bulgaria and Romania, by contrast, were able to use their loyalty to negotiate on behalf of local Jews. Both countries actively deported nearly all of the Jews in their newly acquired territories, while protecting Jews in the homeland—who were usually wealthier and better connected.
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Hollander, E.J. (2017). Eastern Europe: The Benefits of Alliance. In: Hegemony and the Holocaust. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39802-0_4
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