Skip to main content

Webcam and Smartphone for the Measure of Spatial-Temporal Parameters of Gait for Treadmill Use

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
  • 587 Accesses

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 392))

Abstract

A very low cost prototype has been developed for the spatial and temporal analysis of human movement using an integrated system of last generation smartphones and a high-definition webcam, controlled by a laptop. The system can be used to analyse mainly planar motions in non-structured environments. In this paper, the accelerometer signal captured by the 3D sensor embedded in one smartphone, and the position of coloured markers extracted from the analysis of the webcam frames, are used for the computation of spatial-temporal parameters of gait. The system has been tested on a treadmill at different gait speeds. Accuracy of results is compared with that obtainable by a gold-standard stereometric instrumentation. The system is characterised by a very low cost and a very high level of automation. It has been thought to be used by non-expert users in ambulatory settings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kesar T, Binder-Macleod SA, Hicks GE, Reisman DS (2011) Minimal detectable change for gait variables collected during treadmill walking in individuals post-stroke. Gait Posture 33: 314–317

    Google Scholar 

  2. Savin DN, Morton SM, Whitall J (2014) Generalization of improved step length symmetry from treadmill to overground walking in persons with stroke and hemiparesis. Clin Neurophysiol 125:1012–1020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kalron A, Achiron A (2014) The relationship between fear of falling to spatiotemporal gait parameters measured by an instrumented treadmill in people with multiple sclerosis. Gait Posture 39(2):739–744

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Owings TM, Grabiner MD (2004) Variability of step kinematics in young and older adults. Gait Posture 20(1):26–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Owings TM, Grabiner MD (2004) Step width variability, but not step length variability or step time variability, discriminates gait of healthy young and older adults during treadmill locomotion. J Biomech 37(6):935–938

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Stolze H et al (1997) Gait analysis during treadmill and overground locomotion in children and adults. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol/Electromyogr Motor Control 105(6): 490–497

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wearing SC, Reed LF, Urry SR (2013) Agreement between temporal and spatial gait parameters from an instrumented walkway and treadmill system at matched walking speed. Gait Posture 38:380–384

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Di Nardo F, Fioretti S (2014) Emg-based analysis of treadmill and ground walking in distal leg muscles. IFMBE Proc 41:611–614. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-00846-2_151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Maranesi E, Di Nardo F, Ghetti G et al (2014) A goniometer-based method for the assessment of gait parameters. In: 10th international conference on mechatronic and embedded systems and applications (MESA), IEEE/ASME. Publisher IEEE. doi:10.1109/MESA.2014.6935539

  10. Zijlstra W, Hof AL (2003) Assessment of spatio-temporal gait parameters from trunk accelerations during human walking. Gait Posture 18:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Henriksen M, Lunda H, Moe-Nilssen R, Bliddal H, Danneskiod-Samsøe B (2004) Test–retest reliability of trunk accelerometric gait analysis. Gait Posture 288–297

    Google Scholar 

  12. Martin E (2011) Novel method for stride length estimation with body area network accelerometers. In: Biomedical wireless technologies—networks, and sensing systems (BioWireleSS), pp 79–82

    Google Scholar 

  13. Surer E, Cereatti A, Grosso E, Della Croce U (2011) A markerless estimation of the ankle–foot complex 2D kinematics during stance. Gait Posture 532–537

    Google Scholar 

  14. Poppe R (2007) Vision-based human motion analysis: an overview. Comput Vis Image Underst 108:4–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Whittle MW (1996) Gait analysis: an introduction. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  16. Barone V, Maranesi E, Fioretti S (2014) Integration of smartphones and webcam for the measure of spatio-temporal gait parameters. In: IEEE EMBC conference, Chicago, IL; pp 5948–5951

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vinicio Barone .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Barone, V., Verdini, F., Di Nardo, F., Maranesi, E., Burattini, L., Fioretti, S. (2016). Webcam and Smartphone for the Measure of Spatial-Temporal Parameters of Gait for Treadmill Use. In: Conti, M., Martínez Madrid, N., Seepold, R., Orcioni, S. (eds) Mobile Networks for Biometric Data Analysis. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 392. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39700-9_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39700-9_21

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39698-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39700-9

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics