Abstract
This chapter depicts the picture of livelihoods and its sustainability in the transforming economy of the urban fringe. The study assumes that process of urbanization adds complexity to household livelihood security and the process of urbanization has been considered as stress. To measure this stress, the study adopts the ‘Sustainable Livelihood Approach’ targeted to understand the livelihood status of households. It also evaluates the coping strategies adopted by households for surviving in transforming economic and social urban fringe environment. The study also put forward the idea of ‘livelihood ladder’ for measuring the degree of vulnerability. On the basis of SLI’s score the urban fringe villages have been categorized into three stages which include accumulating stage, adapting stage and surviving stage. Better status on livelihood ladder is accumulating stage, which has the ability of absorbing urban stress. The second stage of livelihood ladder is adapting stage in which livelihood situation is improving, but still vulnerable to extreme stress. The third stage of livelihood ladder is the surviving stage in which life is a constant battle and people in this stage are unable to cope with the stress of urbanization and higher number of the villages in immediate urban fringe falls under this stage.
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Notes
- 1.
Most of the migrants choose their destination to New Delhi which is the capital of India and Faridabad (an industrial town lies under National Capital Region of Delhi). Aligarh is located in the urban shadow of the national capital where they are mostly engaged in industries and factories.
- 2.
The variables of asset, sensitivity and exposure are not unidirectional. The variables of asset and sensitivity indicate positive aspects whereas the variables of vulnerability indicate the negative one. So, higher scores in Asset Index as well as in Sensitivity Index represent better condition but higher scores in Exposure Index stands for worse condition.
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Banu, N., Fazal, S. (2016). Urban Fringe: Sustainability of Livelihoods and Well-Being of Urban Fringe Households. In: Livelihood and Wellbeing in the Urban Fringe. The Urban Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39660-6_7
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