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Structures and Transport Mechanisms of the ABC Efflux Pumps

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Book cover Efflux-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria

Abstract

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters form one of the largest families of proteins in living organisms. They are overrepresented in bacteria where they are involved in the influx or efflux of various molecules. Although bacterial drug efflux transporters were initially discovered as ion-motive-driven pumps, evidence has accumulated since the mid-1990s that members of the ABC superfamily can play a prominent role in drug resistance mechanisms. Yet, the implication of drug efflux ABC transporters in clinical settings is still lagging behind for most bacterial pathogens. Thanks to the accumulation of three-dimensional structures, our knowledge of the functioning mechanisms of drug efflux transporters has progressed tremendously in the recent years, but many questions still remain. In this chapter, we will summarize the current view of the structures and transport mechanisms of drug efflux ABC transporters with an emphasis on multidrug bacterial efflux pumps. Unsolved mysteries about these fascinating transporters will also be mentioned.

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  1. Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Xian-Zhi Li

  2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland, USA

    Christopher A. Elkins

  3. University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA

    Helen I. Zgurskaya

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© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Orelle, C., Jault, JM. (2016). Structures and Transport Mechanisms of the ABC Efflux Pumps. In: Li, XZ., Elkins, C., Zgurskaya, H. (eds) Efflux-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria. Adis, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39658-3_4

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