Abstract
Until recently, peripheral artery disease (PAD) was considered to be more prevalent in men than in women because the diagnosis was based on the presence of typical symptoms, i.e., intermittent claudication (IC) [1]. However, PAD is often asymptomatic or presents with atypical symptoms, and this is particularly frequent in women, leading to an underestimation of PAD prevalence among female subjects. On the contrary, when PAD diagnosis is based on the ankle-brachial index, the actual prevalence of PAD among women is at least the same as in men or even higher. Moreover, women may be hindered by financial and social barriers to accessing and seeking care at an earlier stage [2].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Higgins JP, Higgins JA. Epidemiology of peripheral arterial disease in women. J Epidemiol. 2003;13(1):1–14.
Egorova N, Vouyouka AG, Quin J, et al. Analysis of gender-related differences in lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg. 2010;51(2):372–8e.371.
Vavra AK, Kibbe MR. Women and peripheral arterial disease. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2009;5(6):669–83.
Hirsch AT, Allison MA, Gomes AS, et al. A call to action: women and peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012;125(11):1449–72.
Lo RC, Bensley RP, Dahlberg SE, et al. Presentation, treatment, and outcome differences between men and women undergoing revascularization or amputation for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(2):409–18.e403.
UKPDS Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ. 1998;317(7160):703–13.
Moussa ID, Jaff MR, Mehran R, et al. Prevalence and prediction of previously unrecognized peripheral arterial disease in patients with coronary artery disease: the Peripheral Arterial Disease in Interventional Patients Study. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2009;73(6):719–24.
Oka RK, Szuba A, Giacomini JC, Cooke JP. Gender differences in perception of PAD: a pilot study. Vasc Med. 2003;8(2):89–94.
Fowkes FGR, Rudan D, Rudan I, et al. Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis. Lancet. 2013;382(9901):1329–40.
Jackson EA, Munir K, Schreiber T, et al. Impact of sex on morbidity and mortality rates after lower extremity interventions for peripheral arterial disease: observations from the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(23):2525–30.
Hoel AW, Kayssi A, Brahmanandam S, Belkin M, Conte MS, Nguyen LL. Under-representation of women and ethnic minorities in vascular surgery randomized controlled trials. J Vasc Surg. 2009;50(2):349–54.
Orr JD, Leeper NJ, Funaki B, Leef J, Gewertz BL, Desai TR. Gender does not influence outcomes after iliac angioplasty. Ann Vasc Surg. 2002;16(1):55–60.
Timaran CH, Stevens SL, Freeman MB, Goldman MH. Predictors for adverse outcome after iliac angioplasty and stenting for limb-threatening ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36(3):507–13.
Tadros RO, Faries PL, Rocha-Singh KJ, et al. The impact of sex on angioplasty and primary stenting for femoropopliteal occlusive disease: results of the DURABILITY II trial. Ann Vasc Surg. 2014;28(1):1–9.
Ortiz D, Jahangir A, Singh M, Allaqaband S, Bajwa TK, Mewissen MW. Access site complications after peripheral vascular interventions: incidence, predictors, and outcomes. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;7(6):821–8.
DeRubertis BG, Pierce M, Ryer EJ, Trocciola S, Kent KC, Faries PL. Reduced primary patency rate in diabetic patients after percutaneous intervention results from more frequent presentation with limb-threatening ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(1):101–8.
Greenblatt DY, Rajamanickam V, Mell MW. Predictors of surgical site infection after open lower extremity revascularization. J Vasc Surg. 2011;54(2):433–9.
Ballotta E, Gruppo M, Lorenzetti R, Piatto G, DaGiau G, Toniato A. The impact of gender on outcome after infrainguinal arterial reconstructions for peripheral occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg. 2012;56(2):343–52.
Abando A, Akopian G, Katz SG. Patient sex and success of peripheral percutaneous transluminal arterial angioplasty. Arch Surg. 2005;140(8):757–61.
Bechter-Hugl B, Falkensammer J, Gorny O, Greiner A, Chemelli A, Fraedrich G. The influence of gender on patency rates after iliac artery stenting. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(6):1588–96.
DeRubertis BG, Vouyouka A, Rhee SJ, et al. Percutaneous intervention for infrainguinal occlusive disease in women: equivalent outcomes despite increased severity of disease compared with men. J Vasc Surg. 2008;48(1):150–8.
Sakamoto Y, Hirano K, Iida O, et al. Five-year outcomes of self-expanding nitinol stent implantation for chronic total occlusion of the superficial femoral and proximal popliteal artery. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013;82(3):E251–6.
Tepe G, Schnorr B, Albrecht T, et al. Angioplasty of femoral-popliteal arteries with drug-coated balloons: 5-year follow-up of the THUNDER trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;8(1 Pt A):102–8.
Domenick N, Saqib NU, Marone LK, Rhee RY, Makaroun MS, Chaer RA. Impact of gender and age on outcomes of tibial artery endovascular interventions in critical limb ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2012;26(7):937–45.
Tye A, Han DK, Tadros RO, et al. Percutaneous intervention for infrageniculate arterial disease in women may be associated with better outcomes when compared to men. J Vasc Surg. 2013;57(3):706–13.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Brodmann, M., De Carlo, M. (2017). Treatment of Peripheral Arteriopathy in Women. In: Presbitero, P., Mehilli, J., Petronio, A. (eds) Percutaneous Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39611-8_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39611-8_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39609-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39611-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)