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Translational Control in Echinoderms: The Calm Before the Storm

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Evolution of the Protein Synthesis Machinery and Its Regulation

Abstract

Starfish oocytes and sea urchin eggs are two different echinoderm model systems that have helped to address the control of gene expression at the translational level in relation to cell cycle regulation. This review describes the different mechanisms that control the translation of cyclin B mRNA during starfish meiotic maturation and sea urchin fertilization. During starfish meiotic maturation, cyclin B translation specifically depends on a CPEB regulation pathway whereas global protein synthesis appears to be regulated by the mTOR pathway. Three translation factors, eIF4F, eIF2α and eEF2, are activated in vivo in response to sea urchin egg fertilization, leading to an increase of protein synthesis. The mTOR signaling pathway involves in 4E-BP degradation and fine-tuning orchestration of cyclin B mRNA translation following fertilization is conserved in two sea urchin species separated by 20 millions years of evolutionary time. Combining biochemical, structural, cellular, and mathematical approaches, the analysis of the spatio-temporal dynamics of protein synthesis activation in different echinoderm model systems should provide insights into essential mRNA translation regulation occurring in physiological conditions.

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Acknowledgments

We apologize to those whose work was not cited or discussed here because of the broad scope of this review and space limitation. Research in the authors’ laboratories is supported by “La Ligue contre le Cancer (coordination du Grand Ouest (comités Finistère, Côtes d’Armor, Deux-Sèvres, Morbihan)),” the “Région Bretagne” and the “Conseil Général du Finistère.” B. Cosson is supported by Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC) by the Research Project 2014 grant and 2015 International Fellowship. H. Chassé is a Ph.D. fellow supported by the Région Bretagne.

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  1. Bertrand Cosson

    Present address: Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR7216, CNRS, 75013, Paris, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Translation Cell Cycle and Development, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France

    Patrick Cormier, Héloïse Chassé, Bertrand Cosson, Odile Mulner-Lorillon & Julia Morales

  2. CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France

    Patrick Cormier, Héloïse Chassé, Bertrand Cosson, Odile Mulner-Lorillon & Julia Morales

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  1. Patrick Cormier
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Correspondence to Patrick Cormier .

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  1. Division of Basic Research, National Institute for Cancer, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, Mexico

    Greco Hernández

  2. Institute of Marine and Environmental Te, Univ. of Maryland Center for Environment, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Rosemary Jagus

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Cormier, P., Chassé, H., Cosson, B., Mulner-Lorillon, O., Morales, J. (2016). Translational Control in Echinoderms: The Calm Before the Storm. In: Hernández, G., Jagus, R. (eds) Evolution of the Protein Synthesis Machinery and Its Regulation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39468-8_16

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