Abstract
This chapter is related to the geology, stratigraphy, petrology, mineralogy, and industrial applications of residual clay deposits of Azul County, Chillar Sector. Almost all of the outcrop rocks in the area of Azul correspond to the crystalline basement rocks (Complejo Buenos Aires), 2200–1800 Ma, belonging to the Trans Amazonic cycle (Teruggi and Kilmurray 1975, 1980; Dalla Salda et al. 1988, 1992). The mountain area is characterized by the presence of middle and high metamorphic grade (gneisses and migmatites) and of granitoid rocks, sometimes with variable degree of milonitization, produced by E–W-oriented shear zones. The residual clay deposits are weathering products of the crystalline basement rocks and are covered by siliciclastic sediments of the Balcarce Formation (oligomictic orthoconglomerates and quartzites). In the area of Azul, the clay deposits are located at the Estancia Santa María and La Verónica, in the vicinity of the national route Nº 3; 3 and 5 km to the SSE of the town of Chillar, respectively. Chillar clays are mineralogically classified as kaolinitic, and technologically, as refractory of high and medium quality, in coincidence with the high percentages of Al3O2 observed in the chemical analyses and the abundant content of kaolinite with subordinate dickite as predominant clay minerals in the saprock and in the saprolite as well.
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Zalba, P.E., Morosi, M.E., Conconi, M.S. (2016). Azul County. In: Gondwana Industrial Clays. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39457-2_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39457-2_2
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