Skip to main content

Effective Use of Education to Challenge Discrimination and Social Injustice

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Martin Luther King

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Education ((BRIEFSKEY))

  • 1058 Accesses

Abstract

Education and access to employment can make a difference to one’s social stability, standing and ultimately their accumulation of wealth. Across the world, people from minority groups are often marginalised so are excluded from the opportunity to progress. Social exclusion appears to be a global epidemic which sees the rich increase and the poor get poorer in status and opportunity. Exclusion is endemic within society often initiated by education. Poor teaching, learning facilities, resources and low expectations can result in children opting out of learning or being excluded from education, which result in statistics that show disproportionate numbers of Black African in the UK and African American males in the US falling into this category. Like King, access and opportunities to attain the right type of qualifications that address needs in the labour market could create opportunities for people from lower socio-economic groups to improve their status; however a perpetual cycle of exclusion results from poor education which leads to poor access to employment. A question of whether poverty experienced by people of colour could be influenced by social engineering is a question that needs to be explored in addition to the vital role of government in implementing legislation and effecting change.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aikens, N., & Barbarin, L. (2008). Socioeconomic differences in reading trajectories: The contribution of family, neighborhood, and school contexts. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100(2), 235–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, Jr. D. A. (1979) Brown v. board of education and the interest-convergence dilemma. Harvard Law Review, 93, 518.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, J. (1994). The Days of Martin Luther King, Jr. Barnes & Noble.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bobo, L., Kluegel, J. R., & Smith, R. A. (1997). Laissez-faire racism: The crystallization of a kinder, gentler, antiblack ideology. Racial attitudes in the 1990s. Continuity and Change, 15, 23–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolton, E. (1999). Jarvious Cotton v. Fordice, 157 F.3d388 (5th Cir 1998) Mississippi State Prison.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coley, R. J. (2002). An uneven start: Indicators of inequality in school readiness. Princeton: Educational Testing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Souza, B. X. (1998). Brown kids in white suburbs: Housing mobility and the many faces of social capital. Housing policy Debate, 9(1), 177–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Entman, R. M., & Rojecki, A. (2001). The black image in the white mind: Media and race in America (pp. 28–29). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gatto, J. T. (1991). Dumbing us down: The hidden curriculum of compulsory schooling.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grier, W. H., & Cobbs, P. M. (2000) Black rage. Eugene: Wipf and Stock Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, C. (2016). Higher education: Policy, people and politics, BME students need more than a place at Oxford; Equality Link, Equality Challenge Unit.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaschik, S. (2005). The Access Principle (20 December 2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • King, M. L., Jr. (1960). Pilgrimage to nonviolence (p. 135). Fellowship Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, M. L., Jr. (1963). Letter from Birmingham city jail (pp. 289-302). Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kochhar, R., Fry, R., & Taylor, P. (2011). Wealth gaps rise to record highs between Whites, Blacks, Hispanics. Pew Research Centre.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozol, J. (2005). The shame of the nation: The restoration of apartheid schooling in America. New York: Crown.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladson-Billings, G. (1998). What is critical race theory and what’s it doing in a nice field like education’. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 11(1), 7–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Massey, D. S., & Denton, N. A. (1993) American apartheid: Segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • NAEP. (2013). U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2013 mathematics and reading assessment. Washington, DC: National Centre for Education Statistics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orfield, G., Kucsera, J., & Siegel-Hawley, G. (2012). ‘E pluribus’ separation: Deepening double segregation for more students

    Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, J. S. (1996). When we talk about American ethnic groups, what do we mean? American Psychologist, 51(9), 918.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poe, M. (2008). Little Rock nine. Simon and Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rollock, D. (2011). Unspoken rules of engagement: navigating racial microaggressions in the academic terrain. Educational Foundations and Policy Studies: Institute of Education, University of London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Royster, D. (2003). Race and the invisible hand: How white networks exclude black men from blue-collar jobs. University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, T., Meschede, T., & Osoro, S. (2013). The roots of the widening racial wealth gap: Explaining the black-white economic divide. Institute on Assets and Social Policy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sizer, T. R. (2004) A reminder for Americans. In D. Meier & G. Wood (Eds.), Many children left behind: How the no child left behind act is damaging our children and our schools (pp. xvii–xxii). Boston: Beacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, J. P., & Suarez, G.A. (2015). Exploring the racial wealth gap using the survey of consumer finances. Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2015-076. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2015.076

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Angela Herbert .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Herbert, A. (2016). Effective Use of Education to Challenge Discrimination and Social Injustice. In: Martin Luther King . SpringerBriefs in Education(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39235-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39235-6_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-39233-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-39235-6

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics