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Functional Assessment of Microbial, Viral, and Parasitic Infections Using Real-Time Cellular Analysis

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Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology

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Abstract

An ability to monitor cells in real time has the potential to help elucidate the mechanisms underlying health and disease in diverse areas of biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. In the specific contexts of microbial, viral, and parasitic infections, being able to continuously track the structural and functional changes that occur in the host or pathogen cells can be used for clinical diagnosis, monitoring treatment efficacy, etc. The xCELLigence® Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) instrument from ACEA Biosciences is a label-free microelectronic sensor-based technology that enables live cell analysis for these purposes. Using the principle of cellular impedance, RTCA dynamically monitors changes in cell number, cell size, cell-cell interactions (i.e., barrier function), and cell-substrate attachment quality to provide a wealth of information that is missed using traditional endpoint assays. In this chapter, we describe using RTCA to identify, quantify, and dynamically monitor bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. Using recent publications, we demonstrate the application of RTCA for diverse aspects of microbiology, including bacterial toxin detection, virus-induced cytopathic effect quantification, neutralizing antibody detection, bacterial biofilm antibiotic susceptibility screening, and anthelmintic drug screening, as well as functional analysis of host immune cell activity. RTCA is shown to display great promise both for clinical detection of toxins/pathogens and for ex vivo theranostic purposes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Dazhi Jin

  2. ACEA Biosciences, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA

    Xiao Xu & Brandon J. Lamarche

  3. State Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Treatment for Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Min Zheng

  4. FISABIO Foundation; Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain

    Alex Mira

  5. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA

    Alex B. Ryder

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  1. Dazhi Jin
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  6. Alex B. Ryder
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Correspondence to Dazhi Jin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Yi-Wei Tang

  2. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

    Charles W. Stratton

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Jin, D., Xu, X., Zheng, M., Mira, A., Lamarche, B.J., Ryder, A.B. (2018). Functional Assessment of Microbial, Viral, and Parasitic Infections Using Real-Time Cellular Analysis. In: Tang, YW., Stratton, C. (eds) Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33900-9_8

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